吸湿-回干处理对提高番茄种子萌发期间高温耐性的作用及其生理效应  

Physiological Effects of Hydration-dehydration on Enhancing Heat Tolerance of Tomato Seeds during Germination

作　　者：郇述涛[1,2] 景新明[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院植物研究所,北京100093 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049

出　　处：《种子》2009年第2期34-38,共5页Seed

摘　　要：本试验以佳粉17番茄种子为材料,研究了吸湿-回干处理对番茄种子高温条件下萌发的发芽率、生物量、活力指数以及脂膜过氧化和保护酶活性的影响,旨在揭示吸湿-回干对提高番茄种子萌发的高温耐性的作用。种子经25℃吸湿30 h后自然晾干,然后分别置33、35℃高温条件下萌发。置床30 h后测定抗氧化酶活性及脂膜过氧化指标,每天记录发芽种子数,10 d后测定生物量,计算发芽率、活力指数。结果表明,经吸湿-回干处理后,番茄种子的活力和生活力显著提高;超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、谷胱甘肽还原酶(GR)活性均有不同程度提高。电解质渗漏减缓,处理后的种子相对电导率(REC)减小,丙二醛(MDA)含量降低。由此可以推断,吸湿-回干处理在修补破损的生物膜的同时,增强抗氧化作用,抑制过氧化伤害,从而提高了番茄种子萌发的高温耐性。Tomato is originated form western plateau of South America. It is seasoned with highland dry and cool climate of its native habitat around equator, intolerant of high temperature and humidity, and more sensitive to high temperature especially during its germ/nation period. The previous research shows that temperature over 30 ℃ severely inhibit the germination of tomato seeds. In the present study, germination percentage, biomass,vigor index, lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzyme activities of Lycopersicon esculentum Mil 1. CV Jiafen No. 17 seeds under high temperature were detected to study the effects of hydration-dehydration on raising its heat tolerance in germinating stage. After being hydrated for 30 h at 25 ℃, tomato seeds were dried under room temperature,and then used for germination experiment at 33 ℃ and 35 ℃ respectively. Antioxidant enzyme activities, relative electricity conductivity （REC） and malondialdehyde （MDA） content were detected 30 h after the seeds were set on paper bed, while germination percentage, biomass and vigor index were detected 10 d later. Results showed that after hydration-dehydration treatment, germination percentage, biomass, vigor index were all increased, superoxide dismutase （ SOD）, ascorbate peroxidase （ APX）, catalase （ CAT）, glutathione reductase （GR） activities were also significantly increased at different degrees,while REC and MDA content were decreased. In conclusion, it is possible that hydration-dehydration treatment increased tomato seeds＇ heat tolerance by repairing the injured membrane system, enhancing the antioxidase activities and reducing the leakage and lipid peroxidation.

关 键 词：番茄 吸湿-回干 高温耐性 脂膜过氧化 膜修补 抗氧化酶 

分 类 号：S641.2[农业科学—蔬菜学]