人裂头蚴病和无头蚴病：Ⅰ.病原学的过去和现在  

Human Plerocercoidosis and Sparganosis :Ⅰ.A Historical Review on Aetiology

作　　者：裘明华 裘明德[2,3] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学医学院寄生虫学教研室,杭州310031 [2]兰州大学神经病学研究所,兰州730030 [3]珠海市第二人民医院,珠海519020

出　　处：《中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志》2009年第1期54-60,共7页Chinese Journal of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases

摘　　要：裂头蚴不应误作无头蚴。裂头蚴头节具吸槽或吸槽裂,无头蚴没有头节。裂头蚴是迭宫绦虫的一个发育期,无头蚴是假叶目绦虫一个属的属名。裂头蚴引起良性的裂头蚴病,无头蚴引起恶性的无头蚴病。人裂头蚴病是由迭宫绦虫幼虫引起的,为食源性、水源性、接触源性或亲源性等多种方式传播的人兽共患寄生虫病。近20年来人裂头蚴病和无头蚴病的研究取得较大进展,特别是前者。欧猬迭宫绦虫裂头蚴病和增殖无头蚴病主要分布于东亚,拟曼氏迭宫绦虫裂头蚴病见于美国。迄今全球已记载裂头蚴病患者约1400例(分布于中国、日本、韩国、美国和泰国等地),确诊的增殖无头蚴病患者16例(分别于日本、中国、泰国、美国、巴拉圭、委内瑞拉和菲律宾等地)。人是迭宫绦虫裂头蚴的终止宿主,桡足类和蛙为其中间宿主,蛇、猪、鸟和食肉类动物为其转续宿主。无头蚴(绦虫)属的生活史尚不了解。本文综述了人裂头蚴病和无头蚴病的病原学和致病机制的研究进展。待续第二部分将涉及病理学、临床表现、诊断、治疗、流行病学、控制和预防。Plerocercoid should not be confused with Sparganum. The scolex of plerocercoid has a bothrium or bothrial slit but there is no true scolex in sparganum. Plerocercoid is a developmental stage of an animal tapeworm, Genus Spirornetra. Sparganum is another generic name of a pseudophyllidean cestode. Plerocercoid causes benign plerocercoidosis and sparganum causes ＂malignant sparganosis＂. Plerocercoidosis is a parasitic zoonosis which can be food-borne, water- borne, contact-borne or mother-borne. During the past 20 years, there has been significant progress in studies of human plerocercoidosis and sparganosis, especially the former. Spirometra erinacei-europiea plerocercoidosis and sparganosis prolifera distributed mainly in East Asia. Spirometra mansonoides plerocercoidosis has been reported from the USA. Up to the present, approximately 1 400 cases of plerncercoidosis were reported from China, Japan, Korea, USA and Thailand, and at least 16 well-documented cases of human proliferating sparganosis were reported worldwide （in Japan, China, Thailand, USA, Paraguay, Venezuela, and the Philippines）. The life cycle of Sparganum is unknown. For plerocercoid, human being acts as a dead-end hosts, copepod and frogs serve as intermediate hosts, and snakes and carnivorous animals are its paratenic hosts. This review summarizes the research progresss on aetiology and pathogenesis of human plerocercoidosis and sparganosis. The second part （in press） will be concentrated on their pathology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, treatment,epidemiology, control and prevention.

关 键 词：裂头蚴病 无头蚴病 裂头蚴 无头蚴 迭宫绦虫属 无头蚴(绦虫)属 

分 类 号：R532.31[医药卫生—内科学]