嘈杂语噪声下汉语语句测听中的学习效应  

Learning Effect in Speech Audiometry in Babble Noise

作　　者：赵阳[1] 郗昕[1] 冀飞[1] 陈艾婷[1] 洪梦迪[1] 韩东一[1] 

机构地区：[1]解放军总医院耳鼻咽喉-头颈外科 解放军耳鼻咽喉科研究所,北京100853

出　　处：《听力学及言语疾病杂志》2009年第2期107-111,共5页Journal of Audiology and Speech Pathology

基　　金：科技部“十一五”支撑计划(2007BAI18B12);北京市哲学社会科学“十一五”规划项目(06BaWY014)资助

摘　　要：目的验证采用噪声下语句识别表进行言语测听时是否存在"学习效应"(learning effect),并确定在使用本测试材料时需要几张练习表才能抵消学习效应。方法选取年龄18～25岁、听力/言语发育正常且日常以汉语普通话为交流方式的64名受试者,在-3、-5、-7、-9 dB四种信噪比(signal-to-noise ratio,SNR)条件下进行语句识别率测试。采用32张嘈杂语噪声下汉语普通话语句识别表(每表10句,每句3～7个关键词,共50个关键词)作为测试材料。采用"拉丁方设计"编排受试者顺序和测试表序。每名受试者均在四种SNR条件下完成8个轮次的测试,测试前每种SNR条件下只用一张句表进行练习。采用单因素方差分析比较每种SNR条件下语句识别率在8个轮次之间的差异。结果在-3、-5、-7、-9 dB SNR条件下,所有受试者的平均语句识别率依次为92.2%±2.4%、68.2%±5.3%、26.1%±2.7%、9.4%±1.7%。-3、-9 dB SNR下的得分已呈现出天花板和地板效应,因而不再考察其学习效应。-5、-7 dB SNR下,8个轮次识别率得分之间方差分析的总体P值为0.001、0.090。以Post-Hoc方式两两比较-5 dB SNR下各轮次间得分的差异,发现第1、2轮次的得分与第3轮次之后的得分有显著差异。结论首次接受语句测听的受试者,随着对测试流程的熟悉,识别率得分会出现一定程度的增长,表现出了"学习效应"。对于本测试材料而言,正式测听之前需要进行3张语句识别表的练习以排除学习效应的影响。Objective In speech test, Learning effect is existed. This test pointed out that what there is a influence for the result of the speech test. Methods Mandarin--speaking people aged at 18-25 with normal aural/oral communicational abilities were participated in the investigation. Psychometric measures on Mandarin speech intelligibility in babble noise were implemented in-3,-5, -7,-9 dB SNR through 32 lists （10 sentences each list, 3-7 key words each sentence, 50 key words each list） of Mandarin short sentences that it have being homogeneity. According to ＂Latin design＂ （statistics methods） arrange the list, send every had chance to become the list. Estimation and analysis of the result according to test order. Results In -3, -5, -7,-9 dB SNR, the SRS leave each other improve up 4%, 12%, 6%, 3%. Make Paired- samples t test In - 5 dB, -- 7 dB SNR. There are significant differences among scores when SNR= -5 dB （P〈0.05）, but there are no difference among scores when SNR= - 7 dB （P〈0. 05）. Gonclusion There is a clear for the result of speech test from Learning effect.

关 键 词：学习效应 言语测听 嘈杂语噪声 

分 类 号：R764.04[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]