植物器官脱落分子生物学研究进展  

Advances in Molecular Biology Study of Plant Organ Abscission

作　　者：王翔[1] 陈晓博[1] 李爱丽[1] 毛龙[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院作物科学研究所/国家基因资源与遗传改良重大科学工程,北京100081

出　　处：《作物学报》2009年第3期381-387,共7页Acta Agronomica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然基金资助项目(30670188)资助

摘　　要：植物器官脱落(organ abscission)是自然界普遍的现象。器官脱落发生的区域叫做离区(abscission zone)。器官脱落时离区细胞的细胞间质和细胞壁发生降解,导致远端器官离开母体。离区的发育和功能行使是多种基因参与的精确而复杂的调控过程。落粒性是作物栽培和育种中的重要农艺性状,是植物器官脱落的典型形式之一。落粒性适宜的作物品系驯化是人类文明史上最重要的成就之一,但直到近年人们才对禾本科植物落粒的分子机制有了新的认识。本文重点综述拟南芥、水稻、番茄等模式植物中离区发育和器官脱落的分子生物学研究进展,并对今后的研究方向做了简要展望。Organ abscission is a ubiquitous phenomenon in the plant kingdom. Abscission occurs at specific sites called abscission zones （AZs）. The development and functioning of AZs are complex and precise processes which involve many genes. Degradation of cell wall and middle lamella at AZs causes cell separation and leads to shedding of distal organs. Seed-shattering is one of the most important traits in crop cultivation and breeding and is a typical case of organ shedding. Domestication of non-shattering crop lines is one of the greatest achievements of human civilization, but untill recently its molecular mechanisms started to be revealed. This review focuses on the advances in the molecular biology study of abscission zone development and organ shedding in Arabidopsis, rice, and tomato. The paper provides a brief perspective for the future research in this important arena.

关 键 词：离区 器官脱落 落粒性 

分 类 号：S311[农业科学—作物栽培与耕作技术]