施氮对退化草甸植被结构和生物量及土壤肥力的影响  

Effect of nitrogen fertilization on the vegetation structure and biomass of degraded meadow and soil fertility

作　　者：黄军 王高峰 安沙舟[3] 贠静[3] 李海 张荣华[3] 

机构地区：[1]昌吉州草原站,新疆昌吉831100 [2]昌吉州畜牧兽医局,新疆昌吉831100 [3]新疆农业大学草业工程学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830052 [4]伊犁昭苏马场草原站,新疆昭苏834500

出　　处：《草业科学》2009年第3期75-78,共4页Pratacultural Science

摘　　要：在围栏内采用施氮肥作为调控措施,与围栏内不施肥作对照,旨在寻求治理退化草甸的最佳途径。结果表明,施氮肥能够明显改善草地植物种群结构,增加牧草种类,提高草地生物量,显著改善0～20 cm土层土壤肥力。随着施氮肥量增加,不同处理与对照之间草层分层高度差异显著、地上生物量差异极显著、0～20 cm土层土壤肥力显著提高;不同施肥处理间随着施氮肥量增加草层高度增加、地上生物量增大、土壤肥力增强,当施肥量超过225 kg/hm^2时,草层高度、地上生物量和土壤肥力变化不明显。施肥量225 kg/hm^2时对退化草甸草地恢复具有明显的效果。在围栏封育的基础上采用切耙松土、施肥是治理退化草甸草地有效而且可行的措施。Nitrogen fertilizer was applied to the fenced meadow and it was aimed to find out the best way to management of degraded meadow.The results showed that N fertilizer application improved grassland plant population structure significantly,increased the biomass of forage grasses,and improved the soil nutrients content obviously.With the increase of application rate,the difference of vegetation structure and biomass between the treatment and the control was significant and the soil fertility in 0 to 20 cm layer was increased significantly.The height and biomass of vegetation,and the soil fertility were improved with the increase of application rate in treatment group,however,the effect of N fertilizer was not significant while the application rate was more than 225 kg/hm^2 and the proper application rate was 225 kg/hm^2.

关 键 词：退化草甸 施氮量 植被结构 生物量 土壤养分 

分 类 号：S812.8[农业科学—草业科学]