糖苷基季铵盐表面活性剂的合成及性能  

Synthesis and Properties of Glucoside Quternary

作　　者：王金涛[1] 王丰收[1] 王万绪[1] 宋永波[1] 李秋小[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国日用化学工业研究院,山西太原030001

出　　处：《精细化工》2009年第3期235-238,265,共5页Fine Chemicals

摘　　要：以自制的3-氯-2-羟丙基糖苷(CPG)与叔胺为原料,在正丙醇水溶液中合成了糖苷基季铵盐(CAPG)表面活性剂。优化工艺条件为:n(氯代糖苷)/n(叔胺)=1.4,m(正丙醇)/m(水)=0.5,反应时间4 h,在该条件下叔胺的转化率为88.4%。通过FTIR对产物的结构进行了分析,并对产物的表面活性、复配稳定性、泡沫性能及在硬水中的稳定性进行了测定。结果表明,其CMC为1.57×10-3mol/L,γCMC为27.3 mN/m;与十二烷基硫酸钠(K12)的混合溶液在n(CAPG)/n(K12)<0.6或n(CAPG)/n(K12)>1.0时,透光率均大于90%,具有很好的稳定性;在硬水中的平均稳定性、差示稳定性分别为5和5 5 5;在二次蒸馏水中初始泡沫体积为292 mL,在ρ(CaCO3)=300 mg/L硬水中的初始泡沫体积为255 mL。Glucoside quaternary（CAPG） was prepared with 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropylglucoside （CPG） and tertiary amine, using normal propyl alcohol aqueous solution as a solvent. The optimum conditions were shown as follows ： n （ CPG ）/n （ tertiary amine ） = 1.4, m （ normal propyl alcohol ）/m （water） = 0. 5 ,the reaction time 4 h. The conversion rate of tertiary amine was 88.4%. The structure of product was characterized by FTIR. Surface activity, mixed compatibility, stability in hard water and foaminess were investigated. Results showed that CMC of the product is 1.57 × 10^-3 mol/L,γCMC is 27.3 mN/m, the transmittance of mixed system is over 90% when n（ CAPG）/n（K12） 〈 0. 6 or n（ CAPG）/n（ K12 ） 〉 1.0 ,which represents a good compatibility;average stability and differential stability in hard water are 5 and ↑（-）5↑（-）5↑（-）5 respectively, the foaming volume exhibits power achieves 292 mL in distilled water and 255 mL in hard water of 300 mg/L（as CaCO3 ）.

关 键 词：3-氯-2-羟丙基糖苷 糖苷基季铵盐 性能 表面活性剂 

分 类 号：TQ423[化学工程]