A New Macro Model for Traffic Flow on a Highway with Ramps and Numerical Tests  

作　　者：TANG Tie-Qiao HUANG Hai-Jun S.C. Wong GAO Zi-You ZHANG Ying 

机构地区：[1]School of Transportation Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Beijing 100083, China [2]School of Management, Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Beijing 100083, China [3]Department of Civil Engineering, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, China [4]School of Traffic and Transportation, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China

出　　处：《Communications in Theoretical Physics》2009年第1期71-78,共8页理论物理通讯（英文版）

基　　金：supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos. 70701002 and 70521001;the State Key Basic Research Program of China under Grant No. 2006CB705503;the Research Grants Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region under Grant No. HKU7187/05E

摘　　要：In this paper, we present a new macro model for traffic flow on a highway with ramps based on the existing models. We use the new model to study the effects of on-off-ramp on the main road traffic during the morning rush period and the evening rush period. Numerical tests show that, during the two rush periods, these effects are often different and related to the status of the main road traffic. If the main road traffic flow is uniform, then ramps always produce stop-and-go traffic when the main road density is between two critical values, and ramps have little effect on the main road traffic when the main road density is less than the smaller critical value or greater than the larger critical value. If a small perturbation appears on the main road, ramp may lead to stop-and-go traffic, or relieve or even eliminate the stop-and-go traffic, under different circumstances. These results are consistent with real traffic, which shows that the new model is reasonable.

关 键 词：RAMP traffic flow model friction effect stability stop-and-go traffic 

分 类 号：U491.54[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理] P435[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]