汉江中下游“四大家鱼”自然繁殖的生态水文特征  

Eco-hydrological Characteristics of Four Major Chinese Carps on Nature Spawning Conditions in the Mid-lower Hanjiang River

作　　者：张晓敏[1] 黄道明[1] 谢文星[1] 冯瑞萍[1] 杨汉运[1] 胡望斌[1] 

机构地区：[1]水利部中国科学院水工程生态研究所,湖北武汉430079

出　　处：《水生态学杂志》2009年第2期126-129,共4页Journal of Hydroecology

基　　金：自然科学基金重大项目(30490234);科技部水利部公益性行业科研专项(200701008);水利部公益性行业科研专项(200701029)

摘　　要：通过耦合分析2004年和2007年沙洋水文资料与汉江沙洋断面鱼类早期资源量监测数据,汉江中下游"四大家鱼"自然繁殖的生态水文需求为沙洋断面洪峰初始水位达到33.82～36.71m,洪峰最高水位36.86～39.80m,上涨时间持续3～8d,水位日上涨率达到0.44～1.50m/d,水位上涨幅度1.55～3.14m。结合黄家港与沙洋断面水文数据,分析发现"四大家鱼"自然繁殖对不同洪水来源有不同的响应,其产卵主要依赖区间洪水,丹江口水库现状调度形成的洪水过程对其作用有限。此外,"四大家鱼"自然繁殖与洪水过程中水体透明度存在相关性,汉江中下游"四大家鱼"自然繁殖的透明度范围在5.1～14.5cm,透明度与洪水来源直接相关,透明度指标可以作为"四大家鱼"自然繁殖的重要指标之一。By coupled analyzing the relationships between hydrology data and fish larval resources of Shayang section in 2004 and 2007, the study revealed the demand of eco-hydrology of four major Chinese carps on nature spawning conditions in the mid-lower Hanjiang River： peek starting water level is 33.82 -36.71 re,peek top level is 36.86 -39.8 re,rising duration is 0.44 -1.50 m/d,water rising range is 1.55 -3.14 m. Combined with the hydrology data of Huangjiagang and Shayang sections, The paper analyzed the selective of spawning to floods. Spawning of four major Chinese carps depend on the Floods from branch. Water clarity may be the limiting factor of spawning, the threshold is between 5.1 - 14.5 cm. Perhaps the water clarity is one of the important indicator indexs for spawning of four major Chinese carps.

关 键 词：“四大家鱼” 汉江 繁殖生态 水文特征 

分 类 号：Q178[生物学—水生生物学]