713例急性中毒流行病学调查  

An epidemiological investigation on 713 cases of acute poisoning

作　　者：舒李焱[1] 倪莎[1] 汪克文[1] 

机构地区：[1]黄山市人民医院急诊科,安徽245000

出　　处：《安徽卫生职业技术学院学报》2009年第1期105-106,共2页Journal of Anhui Health Vocational & Technical College

摘　　要：目的:回顾分析713例急性中毒患者的流行病学资料,为急性中毒的干预提供依据。方法:设计急性中毒流行病学调查表,准确填写相关临床资料并进行统计分析。结果:急性中毒713例,男女比例1.4:1,主要发生于20～39岁年龄组,占54.4%,最多的是农民,占36.6%。排在首位为农药中毒,占45.2%(其中有机磷杀虫药占37.6%),自杀是主要的原因之一,占36.6%。口服为主要途径,占65.6%。中毒在7～9月高发,占37.6%;中毒致死率为4.9%,百草枯中毒致死率最高为72.2%。结论:我院急性中毒7～9月高发,男性高于女性,主要发生在20～39岁,农民居多;主要为农药中毒,自杀是常见的原因,口服为主要途径,百草枯中毒致死率最高。Objective： to review and analyze the epidemiological data of acute poisoning cases in our hospital, so as to provide scientific basis for preventing acute poisoning. Methods： First, designed epidemiologieal survey tables for acute poisoning case, arid filled relevant clinical information, then analyzed the data. Results： There were 713 cases of acute poisoning; the ratio of male to female was 1.4：1. The main age group was between 20 to 39 years old （54.4%）. Among them, the highest incidence of casualties occurred in farmers （36.6%）. Pesticide poisoning was the leading cause of acute poisoning （45.2%）, and organophosphate poisoning occurred more often than the other pesticide （37.6%）.The main cause of taking pesticide was to commit suicide （36.6%）. Most of patients took pesticide by mouth （65.6%）. Most casualties often occurred in July, August, and September （37.6%）.The death rate for acute poisoning was 4.9%, and the highest death rate was Paraquat 72.2%. Conclusion： July, August and September had the highest occurring rate of acute poisoning .And the cases of men taking poisoning were more than that of women. The age group was 20 to 39 years old, and farmers had the highest incidence of casualties. Most of acute poisoning cases were patients taking pesticide by mouth, and used it for committing suicide. Paraquat had the highest death rate.

关 键 词：急性中毒 流行病学 调查 

分 类 号：R459.7[医药卫生—急诊医学]