关节假体置入后松动与假体材料磨损颗粒  

Loosening of joint prostheses and prosthesis wear particles

作　　者：赵维龙[1] 

机构地区：[1]鞍山市第四人民医院骨科,辽宁省鞍山市114032

出　　处：《中国组织工程研究与临床康复》2009年第8期1440-1440,1494,共2页Journal of Clinical Rehabilitative Tissue Engineering Research

摘　　要：人工关节无菌性松动的原因除了假体设计、手术技术、假体微动等力学因素外,还存在假体材料及其产生的磨损颗粒等生物学因素。目前认为假体磨损产生的磨损颗粒诱发假体周围组织细胞产生一系列生物学反应,并导致假体周围骨溶解是人工关节晚期松动的主要原因。针对磨损微粒引起的生物反应,许多学者希望能通过药物阻止其中的某一环节,以减少溶骨和假体松动的发生。已证实二膦酸盐能抑制骨吸收,并在骨质疏松症和Paget病的治疗中取得成效。此外,非类固醇抗炎药具有抑制环氧化酶的作用,可明显阻止巨噬细胞分泌前列腺素E2,从而有可能抑制巨噬细胞介导的骨溶解。Artificial prosthetic replacement is limited by useful life and long-term efficacy of artificial joint. Sterility loosening of joint prostheses is a major factor to affect long-term stability and useful life of artificial joint. In addition, sterility loosening is also affected by biological factors of prosthetic materials and their wear particles except prosthetic design, surgical technique, and prosthetic microphonics. It is recently thought that wear particles can induce a series of biological reactions of peripheral tissues and cause osteolysis which is a major factor for later loosening of artificial joint. Some scholars hope to prevent a process by drug induction aiming to those biological reactions so as to reduce onset of osteolysis and prosthetic loosening. Bisphosphonates has been proved that it can inhibit bone absorption; in addition, it has satisfactory efficacy on osteoporosis and Paget disease. Besides, non-steroid antiphlogiston can inhibit action of cycloxygenase, prevent secretion of prostaglandin E2 from macrophages and inhibit macrophage-mediated osteolysis.

关 键 词：生物相容性材料 假体 置换 关节成形 

分 类 号：R687.4[医药卫生—骨科学] R571.105[医药卫生—外科学]