不同骨质密度下生物型及骨水泥型股骨假体置入后的三维有限元分析(英文)  

Three-dimensional finite element analysis of uncemented and cemented femoral prostheses implanted under different bone densities

作　　者：李叔强[1] 李冬松[1] 齐欣[1] 范洪辉[1] 刘建国[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉林大学第一医院骨关节二科,吉林省长春市130021

出　　处：《中国组织工程研究与临床康复》2009年第9期1785-1788,共4页Journal of Clinical Rehabilitative Tissue Engineering Research

摘　　要：背景:患者自身骨质情况往往决定髋关节置换手术中假体的选择,目前对假体的选择尚无金标准,而通过计算机三维有限元分析、模拟对比力学实验,对不同骨密度下股骨假体类型进行选择,将更具科学性。目的:通过计算机三维有限元分析,选择不同骨密度下的股骨假体类型,并行模拟对比力学实验,从而确定临床全髋关节置换选择股骨假体的年龄标准。设计、时间及地点:开放性实验,于2006-09/2007-05在吉林大学第一临床医院骨科研究所和吉林大学生物力学研究所完成。材料:成人新鲜股骨尸体骨。方法:利用Solidworks计算机软件建立人体股骨三维有限元模型。利用已有公式转化计算不同年龄段下骨质的密度及弹性模量,分别输入计算机。模拟人体单足站立状态,对重建的股骨模型进行力的加载与约束。主要观察指标:测量生物型和骨水泥型股骨假体在不同股骨密度下的应力分布及初始微动等生物力学特性。结果:生物型股骨假体上的整体应力在男性30～60岁年龄段分布相对较均匀,初始微动变化较小;在女性40～55岁年龄段分布相对较均匀,初始微动变化较小。骨水泥型股骨假体上的整体应力在男性60～70岁年龄段分布相对较均匀,初始微动变化较小;在女性55岁后分布相对较均匀,初始微动变化较小。结论:计算机三维有限元分析及模拟对比力学实验结果提示,男性小于60岁,女性小于55岁使用生物型人工股骨假体优于骨水泥型人工股骨假体。BACKGROUND： During the hip replacement, selection of prosthesis often depends on patients＇ bone condition. There has been no gold standard for selection of prosthesis. It will be of scientific significance to select femoral prostheses implanted under different bone densities through three-dimensional finite element analysis and simulated contrast mechanical tests. OBJECTIVE： Three-dimensional finite element analysis was employed to select femoral prostheses according to different bone densities, and simultaneously simulated contrast mechanical tests were performed to determine the age criteria regarding the selection of femoral prosthesis during the hip replacement. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： An open experiment was performed at the Second Department of Orthopedics, First Clinical Hospital of Jilin University and Institute of Biomechanics, Jilin University between September 2006 and May 2007. MATERIALS： Freshly adult femoral specimens were harvested from cadavers. METHODS： Three-dimensional finite element models of femur were established using Solidworks software. Following the known formula, the bone density and elastic modulus at different age brackets were calculated and input into the computer. The human one-foot standing condition was simulated and pressure was loaded on the reconstructed femoral models. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Some biomechanical characteristics of uncemented and cemented femorat prostheses, such as the distress distribution and initial rnicromovement at different bone densities, were measured. RESULTS： Relatively well-distributed whole distress and slight initial micromovement of uncemented femoral prostheses were found in male patients at 30-60 years old and in female patients at 40-55 years old. Symptoms of cemented femoral prostheses the same as the uncemented femoral prostheses were present in male patients at 60-70 years and in female patients older than 55 years old. CONCLUSION： Results of three-dimensional finite element analysis and simulated contrast mechan

关 键 词：三维有限元分析 应力 股骨假体 骨密度 

分 类 号：R318[医药卫生—生物医学工程]