中世纪晚期英国自由农发展的地区不平衡  

On the Regional Differences of Free Peasants in Later Mediaeval England

作　　者：李彦雄[1] 

机构地区：[1]安阳师范学院历史与社会发展学院,河南安阳455000

出　　处：《西南农业大学学报（社会科学版）》2009年第1期99-101,共3页Journal of Southwest Agricultural University:Social Science Edition

基　　金：河南省教育厅人文社会科学经费资助研究项目"中世纪晚期英国自由农民发展中的地区差别研究"(2008-GH-006);项目负责人:李彦雄

摘　　要：中世纪晚期英格兰乡村社会发生了深刻的社会变化,劳动者逐渐从庄园制度束缚下解放出来,成为了自由农民。然而这种变化却呈现出明显的地区不平衡,其中东部和西南部各郡庄园制解体较早,自由农发展较快;而中部地区和米德兰平原自由农发展相对缓慢。东部和西南部地区自由农的主体是自由持有农,而米德兰和中部地区自由农以公簿农为主,东部和西南部自由农经济上也比米德兰和中部地区的自由农更加富裕。In later mediaeval times, the rural communities of England underwent profound social changes. The former villiens were gradually emancipated from the manor system and became free peasants. However, striking regional differences existed in this process. In the east and southwest of England the course of villien translating into free peasants started earlier than in the midland and the central regions. The majority of free peasants were freeholders in the east and southwest, and were copyholde- rs in the midland and the central regions. The free peasants in the east and southwest were wealthier than those in the midland and the central regions.

关 键 词：农民 自由农民 英国 

分 类 号：K561.3[历史地理—历史学]