固体微波介质加热快速提取新鲜橘皮中挥发油组分  

Fast Determination of Essential Oil Extracted from Fresh Orange Peel by Improved Solvent-free Microwave Extraction

作　　者：郭英[1] 崔德生[1] 汪子明[2] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨理工大学化学与环境工程学院,哈尔滨150080 [2]吉林大学化学学院,长春130012

出　　处：《分析化学》2009年第3期407-411,共5页Chinese Journal of Analytical Chemistry

基　　金：黑龙江省教育厅科学技术研究项目(No.11511054)资助

摘　　要：对传统微波加热模式进行了改进,以具有良好微波吸收性能的微波吸收固体介质取代传统溶剂和水,将其加入到新鲜样品的提取体系,达到快速升温的目的。将改进的微波辅助无溶剂法应用于提取新鲜植物样品中挥发油组分,并考察了3种微波吸收介质(羰基铁粉、石墨粉和活性炭粉)对提取结果的影响。结果证明:对于新鲜样品,除活性炭粉无法使用外,羰基铁粉和石墨粉均适用。在20g微波吸收介质及85W微波功率的加热作用下,仅需30min即可将100g样品中的挥发油提取完全。通过与传统微波辅助无溶剂法、微波辅助水蒸馏法和传统水蒸馏法比较,改进的微波辅助无溶剂法具有提取时间短(30min)、耗电量小(0.43kW.h/kg)等优点,且所得挥发油组分无明显差别。此外,还考察了烘干过程对橘皮挥发油组成的影响,发现橘皮挥发油的组成受烘干影响较大。Microwave absorption mediums （MAM） were first added into fresh sample system in order to improve conventional microwave heating mode using solvent or water to absorb microwave energy. Then, the improved solvent-free microwave extraction（ISFME） was first used in the extraction of essential oil from fresh plant material（orange peel）. Three kinds of MAM, such as carbonyl iron powders（CIP）, graphite powders （GP） and active carbon powders（ACP） , were examined in ISFME. The results indicated that both CIP and GP were suitable for the ISFME used in extracting essential oil from fi＇esh plant material except ACP. By ISFME, the essential oil could be extracted completely from 100 g samples at the conditions of 85 W microwave irradiation power and 20 g MAM. The results obtained by the ISFME were then compared with those obtained by conventional solvent-free microwave-assisted extraction（CSFME） , microwave-assisted hydrodistillation（MAHD） and conventional hydrodistillation （HD） in the constituents of essential oils, extraction time, electricity consumption and so on. It could be seen from the experimental results that there was no obvious difference in the quality of essential oils obtained by the four kinds of extraction methods. The ISFME took only 30 mix and consumed electricity 0.43 kW·h/kg, both of which were much less than those of other methods. The effect of drying on the components of essential oil was also studied.

关 键 词：微波吸收介质 微波辅助无溶剂法 挥发油 新鲜橘皮 

分 类 号：TS255.7[轻工技术与工程—农产品加工及贮藏工程]