4种微生态制剂对对虾育苗水体主要水质指标的影响  

The effects of four kinds of microbial ecological agent on water quality of Fenneropenaeus chinensis larvae

作　　者：徐琴[1,2] 李健[2] 刘淇[2] 王群[2] 

机构地区：[1]上海水产大学生命科学与技术学院,上海200090 [2]中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《海洋科学》2009年第3期10-15,共6页Marine Sciences

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划项目(2004AA603320);科技部社会公益研究专项(2004DIB4J165);山东省科技发展计划项目(2003-4-1)

摘　　要：研究了由球形红假单胞菌（Rhodopseudomlonas sphaeroides）、噬菌蛭弧菌（Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus）及黏红酵母（Rhodotorula glutinis）制成的4种微生态制剂对中国对虾（Fenneropenaeus chinensis）育苗水质的影响。结果表明，试验组与对照组相比都能明显净化水质，试验组中以添加噬菌蛭弧菌和黏红酵母组的效果最差，添加球形红假单胞菌和噬菌蛭弧菌组的效果最好，此组水质的pH值稳定，NH4^＋N明显下降，而亚硝酸盐、化学需氧量及硫化物等指标也优于其他试验组。统计分析显示，试验组与对照组相比，细菌数降低了3个数量级，添加嗜菌蛭孤菌试验组在减少异养菌（包含有害细菌）方面效果较好。同时用鳗孤菌攻毒，在5d内，对照组的死亡率显著高于试验组（P〈0．05），试验组免疫保护率为29．4％～58．5％，以添加嗜菌蛭弧菌和球形红假单胞菌组最高。建议联合使用噬菌蛭弧和球形红假单胞菌，混合密度初步定为2×10^5个／mL。Rhodopseudomlona sphaeroides , Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus and Rhodotorula glutinis were added to the water for the feed of Fenneropenaeus chinensis larvae under the experimental conditions. The results showed that compared with the control group, all the test groups can obviously purified the water quality. The effect of the test group to which were added B. bacteriovorus and R. glutinis, was the worst, while the group to which was added R. phaeroides and B. bacteriovorus was most effective for purifying the water in this experiment. The latter group could keep the pH stable and reduce NH4^＋-N obviously. The other indexes such as NO2^--N, COD, and sulphide also surpass those of other experimental groups. After the experiment was ended, through the bacterium counting we discovered that compared with control group, the bacterium number of the test group reduced to three magnitudes, especially for the groups to which B. bacteriovorus was added. Meanwhile a challenging test was conducted with Vibrio anguillarum, the 5 days＇ mortalities were recorded. The mortality rate of the control group was remarkably higher than that of the experimental group （P〈0.05）, the relative percent survival （RPS） value of the test groups reached 29.4% -58.5%, and the most remarkable was the group added the B. bacteriovorus and R. sphaeroides. It was suggested that the primarily additive concentration is 2 ×10^5 cells/mL.

关 键 词：球形红假单胞菌(Rhodopseudomlonas sphaeroides) 噬菌蛭弧菌(Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus) 黏红酵母(Rhodotorula glutinis) 水质 

分 类 号：S948[农业科学—水产养殖]