城市公交系统内乘客出行动态均衡模型  

Dynamic model for passengers' equilibrium commuting in urban transit systems

作　　者：田琼[1] 黄海军[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学经济管理学院,北京100191

出　　处：《管理科学学报》2009年第1期1-8,共8页Journal of Management Sciences in China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(70521001;70801002);国家973重大基础研究计划项目(2006CB705503)

摘　　要：通过引入城市公共交通车辆内乘客的拥挤成本,建立了基于乘客的出发时间选择的动态出行均衡模型,并对具有不同运输能力的公交方式所导致的乘客出行差异进行了比较分析.研究结果表明大容量公共交通能使沿线上下游站点乘客都收益,而小容量公交车辆在高峰期会被远距离出行者优先挤占,从而有可能加大下游站点乘客的出行成本.算例结果支持了模型的结论.这有助于加深对复杂交通行为的理解,对改进公交规划与管理具有理论指导价值.This paper presents a mathematical model to formulate how crowding effect existing in the public transport system affects the passengers＇ commuting behavior. Commuters are assumed to choose their optimal time-of-use decision from various stops/home = locations to a single destination （workplace） by trading off the travel time and in-vehicle crowding cost against the schedule delay cost. Several situations with various transit capacities are investigated to show the differences of commuting equilibriums in a many-to-one transit net- works. It is found that in transit systems with larger capability, nearly all passengers along the line have the same benefits, while in systems with lower capability, passengers from up-stream station will suffer less travel cost.

关 键 词：公共交通 拥挤成本 交通行为 

分 类 号：U491[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]