航天诱变向日葵花部形态特征及传粉生态学研究  

Floral Morphological Characters and Pollination Characteristics of Sunflower Induced by Space flight

作　　者：陈卫英[1] 陈真勇[1] 杨军[1] 汤泽生[1] 彭正松[1] 

机构地区：[1]西华师范大学生命科学学院,四川南充637009

出　　处：《绵阳师范学院学报》2009年第2期56-60,67,共6页Journal of Mianyang Teachers＇ College

基　　金：四川省青年科技基金资助项目(05ZQ026-017);四川省重点学科建设项目(SZ00420)

摘　　要：对航天诱变向日葵SP6代植株花部形态和传粉生物学进行了研究,结果表明:(1)对照和两个突变系向日葵的种群花期为30-40天,单花盘花期为7-15天;(2)三系植株均为两性花,五聚药雄蕊,花柱一条伸于花药管中,雌蕊柱头多为2裂,突变系有少数3裂和5裂;(3)小花蕾开放初期雄蕊先于雌蕊成熟,花粉活力和柱头可授性持续时间较长,从而保证了生殖成功。(4)三者P/O分别为4358.36、4025.14、195.57,结合套袋试验初步判断向日葵为专性异交繁育系统,部分自交亲和,需要传粉者。Seeds of sunflower are treated by spaceflight, the floral morphological characters and pollination characteristics of SP6 plants are investigated. The results show that the floral periods in two mutant lines and control plants are 30 -40 days, while mutant plants with only one floral disc last just 7 - 15 days, the three lines all possess perfect floret with five assembled stamens and one central pistil containing 2, sometimes 3 or 5, splited stigma. The stamen matures before the pistil, the pollen viability and the Stigma receptibility last for a long time, ensuring the success of procreation. The ratios of P/O are 4358.36 ,4025.14,195.57 respectively. With sacking experiments, it is estimated that the breeding system of sunflower belongs to hetero - sexual special procreation, with fertility in only partially inbreed floret, thus pollination media is required.

关 键 词：向日葵 航天诱变 花部形态特征 传粉生态学 

分 类 号：Q945.4[生物学—植物学]