侧掺气空腔长度计算  

Calculation of the Lateral Cavity Length

作　　者：岳超[1] 牛智攀[1] 李进[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学水力学与山区河流开发保护国家重点实验室,成都610065

出　　处：《科学技术与工程》2009年第6期1443-1445,共3页Science Technology and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金委员会;二滩水电开发有限责任公司雅砻江水电开发联合研究基金项目(50539060)

摘　　要：对泄水建筑物过流面进行掺气是一种有效的减蚀措施。采用常规的底部掺气设施后,泄水建筑物下游侧墙仍易发生空蚀破坏,其主要原因是边墙存在掺气盲区。在底掺气的基础上设置侧掺气坎,形成较小的侧空腔能明显提高下游近壁掺气浓度,有效消除原掺气盲区。影响掺气设施掺气效率的一个重要设计参数就是空腔长度,对侧空腔长度尚缺乏计算方法,它的形成机理与底空腔不同。本文笔者通过考虑影响侧空腔长度的结构参数和水力学参数,导出了一种近似计算侧空腔长度的计算方法。Aeration on the overflowing surface of the water release structure is an effective measure to avoid cavitation erosion. However, cavitation erosion is still prone to appear on the downstream flank wall of the water release structure when a conventional chute aerator has been placed. A primary reason is the existence of aeration blind zone on the downstream flank wall. To form a shorter lateral cavity is able to increase the aeration degree and avoid the aeration blind zone when the lateral aerator and the chute aerator have both been placed on the water release structure. The lateral cavity length is one of the important design parameters which influence the efficiency of aeration. Up to the present time, it＇s still lack of the calculation measures about the lateral cavity length. What＇s more, the formation mechanism of the lateral cavity differs from that of the chute cavity. In this paper, the author presents an approximate calculation measure about the lateral cavity length considering the structure parameters and hydraulics parameters which have something to do with the efficiency of aeration.

关 键 词：掺气 空蚀 空腔长度 侧墙掺气 掺气坎 侧空腔 

分 类 号：TV652.1[水利工程—水利水电工程]