农业劳动力机会成本上升对农地利用的影响--以宁夏回族自治区为例  

Impacts of the Rise of Labor Opportunity Cost on Agricultural Land Use Changes——A Case Study of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region

作　　者：田玉军[1,2] 李秀彬[1] 辛良杰[1,2] 马国霞[2] 李占明 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049 [3]宁夏海原县史店乡林业工作站,宁夏海原755200

出　　处：《自然资源学报》2009年第3期369-377,共9页Journal of Natural Resources

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目:“区域土地资源安全保障与调控关键技术研究”(2006BAB15B02);国家自然科学基金项目(40801051)

摘　　要：目前我国农业劳动力机会成本上升趋势明显。于是劳动力资源成为农业生产决策的最关键因子;农户倾向于选择劳动生产率高的土地利用类型,同时促使部分劣质土地退出农业生产(即出现农地边际化)。论文以宁夏回族自治区为例,利用统计数据和农户调查数据来验证上述推断。研究结果表明劳动力机会成本上升对农地利用变化产生明显影响。具体为:①2003年以来,宁夏劳动生产率高的农作物(马铃薯、水稻、玉米)种植面积扩大,劳动生产率低的农作物(小麦)种植面积则缩小;②农地利用结构趋于单一化;③部分劣质土地退出农业生产。The increase of farm labor opportunity cost has come true in China. In this paper, we postulate that with the rising of farm labor opportunity cost, labor will become the key factor that affects farm decision on agricultural production. Households will tend to choose the crops with higher labor productivity. At the same time, some infertile arable lands will be abandoned （ name- ly marginalization of arable land）. Then, by using both statistical and household survey data in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, we prove the afore-mentioned hypothesis. The results are as follows. First, the area of crops with higher labor productivity such as potato, rice and maize has obviously increased since 2003 ; the area of those with lower labor productivity such as wheat has evidently declined by contraries. Second, some of the infertile arable lands have been crops in the region become less diversified. Third, abandoned.

关 键 词：土地利用 农业劳动力机会成本 农户响应 农地利用变化 宁夏回族自治区 

分 类 号：F301.24[经济管理—产业经济]