5-乙烯基四唑的合成及表征  

Synthesis and Characterization of 5-Vinyltetrazole

作　　者：刘庆[1] 甘宁[1] 韩涛[1] 张志刚[1] 李娜[1] 莫洪昌[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安近代化学研究所,陕西西安710065

出　　处：《火炸药学报》2009年第1期29-31,共3页Chinese Journal of Explosives & Propellants

基　　金：青年创新基金项目(HZY01100-3)

摘　　要：3-羟基丙腈与叠氮化铵(叠氮化钠与氯化铵反应获得)经1,3-偶极环化加成获得5-羟乙基四唑,在该合成过程中应用超声波技术,使收率提高至90.5%。5-羟乙基四唑与氯化亚砜经卤代反应得到5-氯乙基四唑,收率为77%;5-氯乙基四唑在碱性条件下经消除反应生成目标化合物5-乙烯基四唑,收率为70%。采用红外光谱、核磁共振、元素分析等对5-氯乙基四唑、5-乙烯基四唑进行结构表征。结果表明,所得产物为目标化合物。该法具有反应收率较高且稳定、易操作等优点。Hydroxyethyltetrazole was synthesized by the 1,3-polar cycloaddition of 3-hydroxypropanenitrile and NH4N3 that produced by the reaction of NaN3 and NH4Cl. The ultrasonic technology was applied in this reaction and the yield was up to 90.5%. 5 Chloroethyltetrazole was prepared by the halogenation of hydroxyethyltetrazole and SO2Cl2 and the yield was 77%. 5-Vinyltetrazole was obtained by the elimination of 5-chloroethyhetrazole under the condition of alkaline, and the yield was 70%. 5 Chloroethyhetrazole and 5-vinyhetrazole were characterized by IR, ^1HNMR and elemental analyses. The results show that the final product was the target product. This method has the advantages of high and stable yield and convenient preparation.

关 键 词：有机合成 5-乙烯基四唑 3-羟基丙腈 叠氮化铵 

分 类 号：TQ174.758[化学工程—陶瓷工业] TQ333.2[化学工程—硅酸盐工业]