三江平原典型淡水沼泽湿地景观格局变化研究--以三江自然保护区为例  

Research on the landscape pattern change of freshwater wetland in Sanjiang Plain——A Case Study in Sanjiang National Nature Reserve

作　　者：那晓东[1,2] 张树清[1] 于欢[1,2] 李晓峰[1,2] 刘春悦[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所,长春130012 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100039

出　　处：《干旱区资源与环境》2009年第4期69-74,共6页Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment

基　　金：中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(KZCX3-SW-356);联合国开发计划署(UNDP)/全球环境基金(GEF)项目(CPR/98/G32);地球系统科学数据共享网项目(2006DKA32300-16);国家“十一五”科技支撑重点项目(2006BAD23B03)资助

摘　　要：在RS与GIS技术的支持下，以1976、1986、1995、2000、2005年的TM遥感影像为数据源，综合利用各种斑块形状指数、斑块面积、斑块数量等景观特征指标，对三江自然保护区的沼泽湿地景观格局的动态变化以及景观基质的演变过程进行分析。结果表明：在近30年内研究区的沼泽湿地面积呈显著下降的趋势。1976—1986年，沼泽湿地面积减少，斑块数量增加，破碎化程度加大，斑块边界复杂度显著增加而边界连通性显著降低。1986～2000年，沼泽湿地面积及其边界复杂度变化幅度不大，斑块数量不断减少，边界连通性显著增加。2000～2005年，沼泽湿地面积与斑块数目均显著下降，破碎化后的湿地斑块逐渐被其它景观类型取代，同时边界复杂度显著增加而边界连通性明显下降。近30a内，研究区由原始的沼泽和草甸景观基质逐渐转变为农田景观基质。In the support of RS and GIS techniques, using TM remote sensing imageries in 1976,1986,1995, 2000 and 2005 as the data sources, the patch shape indices, patch areas, numbers of patches and so on were used to analyze the dynamic changes of marsh landscape pattern and the transformation process of landscape matrix in Sanjiang National Nature Reserve. The results showed that in the recent 30 years, the area of marsh land had decreased significantly. From 1976 to 1986, the area of marsh land decreased, the number of marsh patches increased, the extent of fragmentations increased, the complexity of patches boundaries increased significantly while the contiguity of patches boundaries decreased evidently. From 1986 to 2000, the area of marsh land and its complexity of boundaries did not change prominently, the number of marsh land patches decreased continuously, the contiguity of patches boundaries increased significantly. From 2000 to 2005, the marsh land area and the number of marsh patches decreased contemporarily, the fragmented marsh patches were replaced by other landscape types gradually. At the same time, the complexity of marsh boundaries increased significantly and the contiguity of patches boundaries decreased evidently. During the recent 30 years, the primary marsh and meadow land landscape matrix transformed to the cultivated land landscape matrix.

关 键 词：湿地 遥感 景观格局 三江保护区 

分 类 号：Q948.157[生物学—植物学]