生命的悖论与游戏的衰落——评赫尔曼·黑塞《玻璃球游戏》  

A Study of Hermann Hesse's Das Glasperlenspiel

作　　者：胡继华[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京第二外国语学院比较文学与跨文化研究所,北京100024

出　　处：《外国文学》2009年第2期46-54,共9页Foreign Literature

摘　　要：德国作家黑塞的杰作《玻璃球游戏》这部习惯上被称为"小说"的作品,集"教育小说"、"艺术小说"、"帮会小说"、"思想小说"之大成,杂糅了诗歌、箴言、自传、传奇、书信、随笔等文学体裁,对作家本人展开了深度反思,对作家生活的时代展开了犀利的审视。通过自传艺术追溯生命之流,黑塞沉入到生命的底层,发掘了个体之中二极性悖论及其悲剧冲突,同时穿越了文化政治空间,呈现了乌托邦的秋天,即游戏的衰落。玻璃球游戏的衰亡标志着浪漫时代的终结,黑塞因此而成为浪漫主义的守灵人。浪漫主义者们曾经生活在那个令人羡慕的诗思合一、包罗万有的宇宙里,但这个宇宙内部对立的二极必将导致这个宇宙的分崩离析,而人类精神生活的整体则陷入绝对分裂的处境中。Das Glasperlenspiel, one of Hermann Hesse's masterpieces, has been customarily conceived as a novel, but in fact it takes the advantage of different forms of narrative such as Bildungsroman, Kunstsroman, and Bandesroman, and hybridizes various literary genres, including poetry, parables, autobiography, legend, letters, and essays. The author's self-reflections and relentless critique of his age permeate with the real evil and political crisis. The autobiography is used to parallel the flux of life and universe, revealing the polarity, separation, and fatal conflict inherent in the particular individuality. Through representing the mysterious demise of Magister Ludi and portraying the fall of Kastalie, a divine province of the elite education and its proud achievement, Das Glasperlenspiel, Hesse obviously casts a doubt on the future of political utopia and brings the tragic absolute of romanticism to the end.

关 键 词：自传 生命二极性 游戏 悲剧的绝对 

分 类 号：I516[文学—其他各国文学]