孕前及孕期贫血与新生儿体格发育的关系  

The relationship between anemia before and during pregnancy and neonatal physical development

作　　者：陈英[1] 任爱国[2] 叶荣伟[2] 郑俊池[2] 李松[2] 刘建蒙[2] 郝玲[2] 李竹[2] 

机构地区：[1]青海大学医学院公共卫生系,青海西宁810001 [2]北京大学生育健康研究所

出　　处：《中国妇幼保健》2009年第3期399-403,共5页Maternal and Child Health Care of China

摘　　要：目的:探讨孕前及孕期贫血与新生儿体格发育的关系。方法:研究对象为浙江、江苏、河北27个县市1993年1月～1996年12月分娩妇女及其生育的新生儿,共535137例。采用张路指数(ZLI)衡量新生儿体格发育状况。将新生儿按性别和胎龄分层,分析母亲孕前及孕期贫血程度与新生儿ZLI的关系。采用多元逐步回归分析影响新生儿ZLI的相关因素。结果:母亲孕前轻度和中度贫血组新生儿ZLI均值低于母亲孕前非贫血组新生儿ZLI均值。除母亲孕晚期轻度和中度贫血组新生儿ZLI均值高于非贫血组外,母亲孕期轻度、中度和重度贫血组新生儿ZLI均值均低于非贫血组;新生儿ZLI均值随母亲血红蛋白值降低而降低。母亲孕前、孕早期和孕中期贫血与早产儿ZLI均值降低有关,妊娠各期贫血均与足月儿ZLI均值降低有关。在控制了母亲孕早期体重、胎龄、母亲孕期增重及胎数等因素后,孕前血红蛋白值与ZLI呈现正相关关系。结论:孕前及孕期贫血对新生儿体格发育有不利影响。Objective： To investigate the relationship between anemia before and during pregnancy and neonatal physical develop- ment. Methods： 535 137 women who delivered during 1993-1996 in 27 cities or counties in Zhejiang, Jiangsu and Hebei provinces and the their newborns were included in the study. The physical development of neonates was evaluated by Zhang Bao-lin Lu -Qing Index （ZLI）. Stratified analysis and multiple regression were used to assess the association between maternal anemia and neonatal physical development. Results： Mean ZLI value of newborns whose mothers were mild - anemic and moderate - anemic before pregnancy was lower than that of newborns whose mothers were not anemic before pregnancy. All mean ZLI values of newborns whose mothers were mild, moderate or sever anemic during any stages of pregnancy were lower than those of newborns whose mothers were not anemic during pregnancy, except for ZLI values of newborns whose mothers were mild - anemic or moderate - anemic during last trimester. Maternal anemia before pregnancy and during first or second trimester was associated with a decrease in mean ZLI value for preterm newborns, and anemia during any stages of pregnancy was＇associated with a decrease＇ in ZLI for full term newborns. Mean ZLI was decreased with the decrease of Hb concentrations. Pre - pregnancy Hb concentrations were positively correlated with ZLI values after controlling for maternal body weight during early pregnancy, gestational age, body - weight gain during pregnancy and number of fetus. Conclusion： Maternal anemia before and during pregnancy has adverse impact on neonatal physical development.

关 键 词：贫血 孕前 孕期 新生儿 张路指数 体格发育 

分 类 号：R714.144[医药卫生—妇产科学]