气象条件对云南烤烟4项化学成分含量的影响  

Influence of leading meteorological factors on 4 chemical components for flue-cured tobacco in Yunnan Provine

作　　者：黄中艳[1] 王树会[2] 朱勇[1] 邓云龙[2] 邵岩[2] 

机构地区：[1]云南省农业气象与卫星遥感应用中心,云南昆明650034 [2]云南省烟草科学研究所,云南玉溪653100

出　　处：《湖南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2009年第1期48-52,共5页Journal of Hunan Agricultural University(Natural Sciences)

基　　金：云南省自然科学基金项目(2004IT07);云南省烟草公司项目(04A10)

摘　　要：基于565个植烟点烟叶化学成分含量和气象数据,应用等级方差对比、等级相关分析法研究了气象条件对云南烤烟4项化学成分含量的影响.结果表明,影响烟叶钾、石油醚提取物、氯和淀粉含量的主要气象因素分别是平均气温、降水量和日照时数;在云南特定气候条件下,光、温、水的时段分配和匹配状况,对烟叶化学成分含量影响显著.移栽至旺长前期,少雨、多光照、气温偏高可显著提高烟叶淀粉和氯含量,并降低石油醚提取物和钾含量;旺长中后期和成熟期,气温较高、日照多,是提高烟叶石油醚提取物含量的有利气候条件,同期多雨有降低烟叶氯含量和增加钾含量的作用;烤烟大田中后期若烟田水分供应充分,日照增加也有利于提高烟叶钾含量.The influence of leading meteorological factors on 4 chemical components of tobacco-leaf was analyzed using methods of grade variance and correlation analysis, based on component data for 565 sample spots of tobacco and their reckoned meteorological data from weather stations. The results showed that the contents for kalium, distilled substance from petroleum ether, chlorine and amylum inside tobacco leaf were largely influenced by precipitation, average temperature, rainfall and sunshine duration respectively. Under the climatic conditions in Yunnan, meteorological conditions of different periods of time in field growing season of tobacco had obviously different effects on contents of 4 chemical components for tobacco-leaf. In general case, the climates in Yuunan appear more sunshine duration, lesser rainfall and upper average temperature from April to early days of June while climates with nearly contrary feature come forth from middle June to August. The prophase climates were propitious to accumulate amylum and chlorine inside tobacco-leaf but to cumber the accumulation for kalium and distilled substance from petroleum ether. And the climates of anaphase were not conducive to the accumulation of amylum, chlorine and distilled substance from petroleum ether while increased the content of kalium inside tobacco-leaf to a certain extent. The strong correlations between 4 chemical components for tobacco-leaf and meteorological factors were consistent with the ecological explications of influences for climates in Yunnan on chemical components of tobacco-leaf.

关 键 词：烤烟 化学成分 气象要素 云南 

分 类 号：S161[农业科学—农业气象学] S572[农业科学—农业基础科学]