扁桃杧(Mangifera persiciformis)体胚发生及再生体系建立  

Studies on somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration of Mangifera persiciformis

作　　者：黄镜浩[1,2,3] 谢江辉[1] 王松标[1] 梁国鲁[3] 马蔚红[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国热带农业科学院南亚热带作物研究所,广东湛江524091 [2]福建省农业科学院果树研究所,福州350013 [3]西南大学园艺园林学院,重庆400716

出　　处：《果树学报》2009年第2期176-179,F0004,共5页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项;林业科技支撑计划(2006BAD01A1705);公益性行业科研专项(nyhyzx07-032-3);农业科技成果转化项目(2006GB23260382)

摘　　要：以扁桃杧(Mangifera persiciformis Wu&Ming)未成熟珠心组织为外植体,建立体胚发生及再生体系,同时对幼苗进行茎尖染色体计数和胚根组织形态学观察。结果表明,在改良的B5基本培养基+2,4-D1.0mg·L-1+Gln400mg·L-1+6%蔗糖上培养4～5周后可诱导胚性愈伤组织分化。继代培养基与成熟培养基交替培养能有效降低胚性愈伤组织的褐化并保持旺盛的分化能力。培养3～4个月后,大部分体胚均能发育成熟,26.03%的体胚畸形。体胚在改良B5培养基+Gln400mg·L-1+4%蔗糖上的萌发率较低,仅为8.39%。次级体胚以直接体胚发生方式于萌发体胚的下胚轴产生。幼苗的生根不理想,生长极为缓慢;其茎尖染色体数目为2n=2x=40;胚根形态学上端内部维管组织解体,愈伤化,结构松散。In this report, a process for studying somatic embryogenesis and plantlet regeneration in vitro from nucellar tissue of immature fruit of Mangiferapersiciformis Wu ＆ Ming was developed; histological observation on plantlet radicle was carried out and chromosome number of plantlet stem tip cell was counted. Results showed that Embryogenic callus formed on modified B5 medium supplemented with 1.0 mg· L^-1 2,4-D, 400 mg· L^-1 Gln and 6% sucrose, 4 to 5 weeks post inoculation. Somatic embryos could be induced from Pro-embryogenic masses （PEMs） on modified B5 medium supplemented with 0.5 mg· L^-1 2,4-D, 400 mg· L^-1 Gln and 6% sucrose. Only 8.39% of mature somatic embryos germinated on growth regulator-free modified B5 medium supplemented with 400 mg· L^-1 Gln and 4% sucrose. For browning control, PEMs were cultured on proliferation medium and maturation medium （growth regulator-free modified B5 medium supplemented with 400 mg· L^-1 Gin and 6% sucrose） in turn. Most of somatic embryos matured by 3 to 4 months euhuring. 26.03% of somatic embryos were abnormal. Direct somatic embryogenesis occurred on the hypocotyl surface and formed secondary somatic embryos. Plantlets grew extremely slowly because of poor root development. The chromosome number of plantlet stem tip cell was 2n=2x=40.

关 键 词：扁桃杧 胚性愈伤组织 体胚发生 次级体胚 直接体胚发生 胚根 染色体 

分 类 号：S667.7[农业科学—果树学]