五个山羊群体微卫星标记的遗传多样性分析  

Analisis of Genetic Diversity of Five Goat Populations by Microsatellite Markers

作　　者：常新建[1] 任有蛇[1] 岳文斌[1] 姚继广 杨子森 王慧生 赵兴财 白海全 

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学动物科技学院,山西太谷030801 [2]山西省生态畜牧产业管理站,山西太原030001 [3]山西省岢岚县畜牧兽医局,山西岢岚036300 [4]山西省岢岚县绒山羊种羊场,山西岢岚036300

出　　处：《草食家畜》2009年第1期22-27,共6页Grass-Feeding Livestock

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑计划项目(2007BAD56B03);山西省重大科技攻关发展计划招标项目(031041);山西省科技攻关计划项目(031044)资助。

摘　　要：利用微卫星标记技术，分析了山西黎城大青羊、吕梁黑山羊、波尔山羊、南江黄羊（黑）、南江黄羊（黄）五个山羊群体的分子水平上的遗传多样性，结果表明：7个微卫星位点均为高度多态位点。可以用于山羊群体遗传多样性的评估；平均多态信息含量（PIC）达0．8341～0．9026；5个山羊群体平均观察杂合度（0．6258-0．8629）均低于平均期望杂合度（0．8594—0．9115），证明5个山羊种群具有丰富的遗传多样性和广泛的遗传基础，但品种内存在着一定程度的近交，尤其波尔山羊近交较严重。以Nei氏标准遗传距离为基础的UPGMA和N-J聚类结果表明：吕粱黑山羊与南江黄羊（黑）首先聚为一类，而没和黎城大青羊先聚：国内四个山羊群体与国外品种波尔山羊亲缘关系较远。The genetic diversity of five goat populations was surveyed using 7 microsatellite loci. The five goat populations included Li-cheng blue goat,lvliang black goat,Boer goat, Nanjiang huang goat （blank）, Nanjiang huang goat （yellow）. The 7 microsatellite loci showed high polymorphism information content value. They can be used for the genetic diversity evaluation in goat breeds.The mean polymorphism information content value was between 0.8341-0.9026,which indicated that the 5 populations had abundant genetic diversity.The mean observed heterozygosit-ies （0.6258-0.8629） were lower than their mean expected values （0.8594-0.9115）.It was suggested that the five goat populations were highly genetic polymorphic but somewhat inbred.Boer goat is more serious than them. The UPGMA dendrogram and N-J based on the N distance indieated that lvliang blank goat and Nanjiang huang goat （blank） were clustered first, blank goat were not clustered with Lieheng blue goat first. The four goat populations had relationship with Boer goat.

关 键 词：山羊 微卫星标记 遗传多样性 杂合度 Nei氏遗传距离 

分 类 号：S814.8[农业科学—畜牧学]