膨胀式松质骨螺钉用于股骨颈骨折内固定的生物力学测试  

Biomechanical evaluation of an expansion cancellous screw in fixation of Femoral neck fracture

作　　者：张扬[1] 雷伟[1] 吴子祥[1] 严亚波[1] 于良[2] 

机构地区：[1]第四军医大学西京医院全军骨科研究所,西安710032 [2]西安交通大学机械学院机械振动与结构强度国家重点实验室,西安710032

出　　处：《医用生物力学》2009年第1期50-53,58,共5页Journal of Medical Biomechanics

摘　　要：目的测试并比较自行设计的膨胀式松质骨螺钉(expansion cancellous screws,ECS)与空心加压螺钉(cannu-lated compression screws,CCS)用于股骨颈骨折固定后的最大抗压强度及等量扭矩下的旋转角度,评价ECS螺钉的股骨颈固定作用。方法将18对(36个)福尔马林浸泡人尸体股骨标本随机分为3组,每组6对(12个)。在离体模拟单足站立情况下,分别比较以2枚ECS与2枚CCS,2枚ECS与3枚CCS,3枚ECS与3枚CCS固定股骨颈后的最大抗压强度及等量扭矩下的旋转角度,测试并记录数值。结果相同数目螺钉固定ECS的最大抗压强度及抗旋转角度明显优于CCS(P<0.05);而2枚ECS与3枚CCS的固定效果无明显差别。结论ECS较目前普遍使用的CCS具有更好的固定效果,在特定情况下运用2枚ECS进行固定可以达到与传统3枚CCS螺钉固定基本相同的固定效果。Objective To measure and compare maximum resist compressive strength and torsional strength of newly-designed expansion cancellous screw with that of cannulated compression screw in fixation of femoral neck fracture, and to evaluate the effects of ECS screws. Methods Eighteen pairs （thirty six specimens） of cadaveric human proximal femurs were randomly divided into three groups, i.e. each group with six pairs （twelve specimens）. Simulate uniped standing and compare the maximum femoral neck strength and torsional strength with using screws in different types and numbers, i.e. two ECS and two CCS, two ECS and three CCS, three ECS and three CCS. Result The maximum femoral neck strength and torsional strength from fixation with ECS was significantly greater than that of CCS with the same types and numbers; the fixations with two ECS and with three CCS showed no significant difference. Conclusions The results suggested that as compared with CCS, the expansion cancellous screws might have better effect in femoral neck fracture. The fixation effect with two ECS sometimes could have the same virtue as that with three CCS.

关 键 词：股骨颈 内固定器 骨螺钉 生物力学 

分 类 号：R318.17[医药卫生—生物医学工程] TP391.9[医药卫生—基础医学]