油菜对Pb污染土壤的修复效应研究  

Research on Phytoremediation of Lead Polluted Soil by Oilseed Rape

作　　者：张守文[1] 呼世斌[2] 肖璇[1] 陈玉亮[1] 王显蕾[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学资源与环境学院,陕西杨陵712100 [2]西北农林科技大学理学院,陕西杨陵712100

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2009年第1期122-127,共6页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：中央环境保护专项基金(财建[2006]859号)

摘　　要：采用盆栽试验研究了甘蓝型油菜‘秦油8号’(Brassica napus L.‘Qinyou 8’)对不同水平Pb污染的耐性及富集效应,并施加不同水平螯合剂对油菜的修复效果进行强化研究。结果表明:(1)油菜的株高、干重、叶绿素含量等在低水平Pb处理时得到轻微的促进,而在高水平Pb处理中受到抑制,在土壤Pb添加量为2 000 mg·kg-1时,它们分别比对照降低了8.0%、21.1%和51.7%。(2)植株中脯氨酸含量与Pb添加量呈显著正相关关系(r=0.990 8**),当土壤Pb含量为2 000 mg·kg-1时油菜体内脯氨酸含量达到最高,为1 227.8μg·g-1,比对照升高了18倍。(3)油菜体内Pb积累分布大小为:根部>地上部>籽实,各部位Pb含量以及每盆油菜吸收Pb总量都随土壤Pb添加量的增加而递增,并在土壤Pb添加量为1 500 mg·kg-1时达到最大值,此后则下降。(4)在土壤Pb添加量为1 000 mg·kg-1时,施加4种水平螯合剂均提高了油菜对Pb的吸收量,并以10 mmol·kg-1螯合剂处理油菜对Pb的吸收效率最高,过高水平(15 mmol·kg-1)的螯合剂处理则导致油菜死亡。研究发现,甘蓝型油菜‘秦油8号’对Pb表现出一定的耐性和吸收能力,添加螯合剂能明显提高油菜对Pb的转运效率,具有修复Pb污染土壤的潜力。Pot experiment was conducted to study the Pb tolerance, uptake and accumulation of oilseed rape under different Pb concentration in soil,and to enhance the remediation effect by adding chelator. The resuits indicated that low concentration of Pb could increase the plant height, dry weight and chlorophyll con- tents of oilseed rape to some extent, while high concentration of Pb restrain the growth of oilseed rape. When Pb concentration was 2 000 mg · kg-1,the plant height,dry weight and total chlorophyll content of oilseed rape reduced by 8.0~ ,21.10% and 51.7 ~ respectively compared with control. The proline content was positively correlated to the Pb concentration（r= 0. 990 8＊ ＊ ）, reached the highest of 1 227. 8 μg · kg-1 ,was 18 times higher than that of control. Oilseed rape showed certain tolerance to Pb contaminated soil. The accumulation of Pb in roots was much higher than that in shoots and seeds,the Pb contents in different parts of rape and total uptake Pb per pot were significantly increased with the increase of Pb in soil, reached the highest content when Pb concentration was 1 500 mg · kg-1 ,after that,the Pb content were de- scent. When Pb concentration were 1 000 mg· kg-1 , chelator added to soil significantly increased the Pb concentration of oilseed rape,but with high concentration （15 mmol · kg-1 chelator application,the seedlings died in a few days. The plant with the 10 mmol · kg-1 chelator application had the higher efficiency of Pb phytoextraetion. This study implied that ＇Qinyou 8 ＇ is a promising crop to be used for phytoremedi- ation on Pb contaminated soil.

关 键 词：重金属 PB 油菜 植物修复 强化措施 

分 类 号：Q945.7[生物学—植物学]