头足类发光器及其在分类学上的应用  

Light organ of cephalopods and its application to taxonomy

作　　者：刘必林[1,2,3] 陈新军[1,2,3] 

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学海洋科学学院,上海201306 [2]大洋生物资源开发利用上海市高校重点实验室,上海201306 [3]大洋渔业资源可持续开发省部共建教育部重点实验室,上海201306

出　　处：《上海海洋大学学报》2009年第2期227-234,共8页Journal of Shanghai Ocean University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(NSFC40876090);2006年度教育部新世纪优秀人才计划(NCET-06-0437);国家科技支撑计划(2006BAD09A05);上海市捕捞学重点学科(S30702)

摘　　要：发光器是一些头足类的重要组织之一。据不完全统计,头足类中具有发光器的种类有6目23科57属198种,占世界头足类总数的26%,其中又以大洋性的开眼亚目为最多,近海生活的闭眼亚目和乌贼类较少。头足类发光器通常可分为本体发光器和腺体发光器两类,前者位于体表,后者位于外套腔内。发光器不仅具有照明、求偶、诱捕食物、迷惑和警告捕食者的作用,也在科、属、种的分类中得到广泛的应用。重点以科、属为基本单元,描述头足类发光器的类型、部位、大小、数量以及排列方式等特征,同时列举其在分类中的应用。最后,建议有必要细化不同科、属间的发光器特征,建立发光头足类的检索表,以便为国内外头足类研究者提供参考。Light organ is one of the impotant tissues for some Cephalopods. There are 198 species with light organs belonging to 6 orders 23 families 57 genus occupying 26 percent of the total cephalopods. And among these species, most of them are Oegopsida squid inhabiting in ocean but minors are Myopsida squid and cuttlefish in Coastal waters. The light organs can be sorted as two types mainly in cephalopods, one is intrinsic photophore on body surface and the other is glandulose photophore within mantle cavity. Light organ of Cephalopods not only play an important role in illumination, courtship, trapping food, signal to confuse or warn predators, but also is applied into the taxonomy at family, genus and species level. In this paper the characteristics of cephalopods light organ from family and genus level have been described as well as their photophore type, position, size, quantity, arrangement and so on. Meanwhile, their application to taxonomy is taken as example. Finally, it is necessary for us to describe the detailed features of light organ from different family and genus, and establish the searching table of cephalopods with light organ, which will provide reference for the domestic and international cephalopod researchers.

关 键 词：头足类 发光器 分类学 

分 类 号：S917[农业科学—水产科学]