棕色、绿色和白色棉品系光合特性的比较  

Comparison of Photosynthesis in Brown,Green,and White Fiber Cotton Lines

作　　者：华水金[1] 袁淑娜[1] 赵向前[1] 张小全[1] 刘英新[1] 文国吉[1] 张海平[1] 王学德[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学农业与生物技术学院,杭州310029

出　　处：《棉花学报》2009年第2期121-126,共6页Cotton Science

基　　金：国家"973"项目(2004CB11730502);浙江省自然科学基金项目(Y306093);浙江省科技项目(2008C22087)

摘　　要：比较了白色棉、棕色棉和绿色棉3个品系苗期、蕾期、初花期、盛花期、花后期和吐絮期6个时期植株叶片叶绿素a和b的含量、叶绿体希尔反应活力、Ca2+-APTase、Mg2+-ATPase活性和净光合速率等光合指标及产量性状的差异。结果表明:白色棉子棉产量显著高于棕色棉,绿色棉最低。3个材料的光合指标在植株盛花期差异最大,说明盛花期是影响棉花光合代谢的重要时期。与白色棉相比,棕色棉植株叶片的叶绿素含量低、叶绿体希尔反应活力弱、AT-Pase活性弱,导致其净光合速率低,营养物质供应不足,是造成其产量低的生理原因之一。就绿色棉而言,叶片具有较高的叶绿素含量,其ATPase活性与白色棉相当;在盛花期,植株的净光合速率超过了白色棉,但仍未能获得高产,表明了影响绿色棉品系产量是由多方面因素造成的。Colored fiber cotton usually yields less, though this phenomenon had been observed for long time. There were a few investigations about the reasons causing it. In order to give more information on the lower yield of colored fiber cotton, we measured several photosynthetic indexes such as leaf chlorophyll a and b content, Hill reaction activity, Ca^2＋-APTase and Mg^2＋-ATPase activity, and net photosynthesis rate as well as lint yield and yield components using three lines, which was white （XZ003）, brown （X008）, and green fiber cotton （S029） as plant materials, at seedling, squaring, early flowering, middle flowering, late flowering, and boll opening stage. Result showed that the brown and green fiber cotton had lower lint yield, which was 33.7% and 41.9% lower than the white fiber cotton. The main differences among three materials existed in the middle flowering stage indicating its importance during photosynthesis. Compared to the white and green fiber cotton, brown fiber cotton had the lowest leaf chloroplast Hill reaction activity, Ca^2＋-ATPase, and Mg^2＋-ATPase activity particular in middle flowering stage. It also had the lowest net photosynthesis rate, which would result in the insufficient metabolism substrate supply. These results indicated a possibly physiological reason for low yield in brown fiber cotton. As for green fiber cotton, it had much higher chlorophyll content than white fiber cotton. Furthermore, it had similar activity of ATPase and higher net photosynthesis rate at middle flowering stage than white fiber cotton. However, despite of these advantages in photosynthesis, it still gained the lowest yield suggesting there were other reasons accounted for its reason.

关 键 词：棕色棉 绿色棉 白色棉 产量 光合特性 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学]