梅雨锋暴雨云团中冰相粒子结构和演变特征的个例数值模拟  

Numerical study associated with composition and development of ice-phase particles of a heavy convective precipitation case

作　　者：鞠永茂 王汉杰[2] 魏继松 

机构地区：[1]解放军61741部队气象中心 [2]中国科学院东亚区域气候-环境重点实验室 [3]解放军95825部队气象台

出　　处：《气象科学》2009年第1期31-38,共8页Journal of the Meteorological Sciences

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划(2006CB400505);国家自然科学基金(NSFC40675040)

摘　　要：利用非静力平衡中尺度数值模式MM5(V3-6),对2003年7月4—5日发生在江淮流域的一次中小尺度暴雨过程进行了数值模拟,主要研究结果表明,冰晶、雪和霰三种冰相粒子分别主要分布在200 hPa、300 hPa和400 hPa附近的气压层。冰晶模拟结果的偏差趋势与模式模拟的地面降水的偏差趋势是基本一致的,而霰粒子模拟结果的区域偏差的倾向则能反映模式模拟域地面降水的偏差梯度,模式对地面降水模拟的好坏与模式对冰相态粒子总体质量密度的水平分布的描述有重要的关系。对流云中冰晶和霰的密度随时间的演变与地面降水也有很好的相关性。云水与冰相粒子的碰并作用过程是形成此次中小尺度暴雨对流云中主要的微物理过程。A meso-scale heavy rainfall occurred in the Yangtze Hui River Basin during July 4--5 2003 was simulated by use of the non-hydrostatic meso-scale model MM5 （V3-6）. The main results show that, in the well developed convective cloud, ice, snow and graupel concentrate at a specific level around 200 hPa, 300 hPa and 400 hPa respectively. The difference tendency of ice particles is consistent with that of simulated rainfall, while the difference of spatial distribution gradient of simulated rainfall may be reflected by that of graupel. So it is critical and mostly to be the main factors to well simulate the regional spatial distribution of the integral ice phase coagulations for a good simulation of the distribution of rainfall. The evolution types of density of snow and graupel are consistent with that of ground precipitation very well. The collection process of cloud water with ice is the most important cloud micro-physical process that brought about the heavy rainfall.

关 键 词：梅雨锋暴雨 冰相云物理过程 数值模拟 

分 类 号：P456.7[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]