论梯形明渠临界水深的精确计算公式  

Discuss on Accurate Calculation Formula of Critical Depthof Open Trapezoidal Channel

作　　者：赵延风[1] 祝晗英 宋松柏[1] 孟秦倩[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学水利与建筑工程学院,712100 [2]西安市水务局渭氵产河城市段管理中心,710015

出　　处：《长江科学院院报》2009年第4期18-21,47,共5页Journal of Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(50579065);西北农林科技大学优秀科技人才基金(04ZR014)

摘　　要：梯形明渠临界水深的求解过程是求解一个单变量超越方程的过程,理论上无解析解。通过引入无量纲参数——单位水面宽度,对梯形明渠临界水深的基本公式进行恒等变形,得到计算梯形明渠临界水深的迭代公式,再与合理的迭代初值配合使用。推导出4套梯形断面临界水深的直接计算公式,其中2套计算公式印证了前人的成果,并为前人的公式推导提供了简捷、充分的理论依据。通过对多家公式形式的表述和比较,并根据精度1%和1‰的不同要求进行误差分析,结果表明:4套直接计算公式理论性强,形式简单,适用范围广,计算精度高,值得推广。The solution process of critical depth on trapezoidal channel is to solute a single variable. There is no analytic solution in theory. With a reasonable initial interaction, by introducing a dimensionless parameter unit surface width and doing on identical deformation of a critical depth formula on trapezoidal channel, the critical depth formula on the trapezoidal channel can be obtained. There are four sets of direct critical depth formulas on trapezoidal cross-section, in which two sets of formulas confirmed previous results and provide a simple, full theory basis for the previous formula derived. The calculated results show that the four sets of direct formulas possess stronger theoretic and simple forms, may be applied to a wide range with high accuracy, and in accordance with the accuracy of 1% and 1‰ to the different requirements, errors of every formula are analyzed.

关 键 词：梯形明渠 临界水深 精确计算 单位水面宽度 

分 类 号：TV133[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]