黄淮豫东平原冬小麦节水高产水肥耦合数学模型研究  

Mathematical Model of Water Fertilizer Interaction for Water Saving and High Yield Winter Wheat in East Area of Henan Province

作　　者：孟兆江[1] 刘安能[1] 吴海卿[1] 杨传福[1] 贾大林[2] 司徒淞[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所 [2]中国农科院 [3]中国水稻研究所

出　　处：《农业工程学报》1998年第1期86-90,共5页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家"八五"科技攻关项目

摘　　要：在人工控制试验条件下，采用二次通用旋转组合设计，对影响冬小麦产量的Ｎ、Ｐ和水三因素的综合效应进行了研究。结果表明，水肥配合存在阈值反应，这个阈值是：Ｎ９０～２４０ｋｇ／ｈｍ２，Ｐ２Ｏ５５６．２５～２２１．２５ｋｇ／ｈｍ２，灌溉定额１５００～３７５０ｍ３／ｈｍ２。低于阈值下限水平，Ｎ、Ｐ无明显增产效应，水分利用效率（ＷＵＥ，ｗａｔｅｒｕｓｅｅｆｉｃｉｅｎｃｙ）低；高于阈值上限，水肥互作效应呈减小趋势；在阈值范围内，水肥互作增产效应显著。增加Ｎ、Ｐ投入和适宜限量供水是提高水份利用效率的重要途径。通过对所建数学模型的计算机模拟，提出了不同决策目标和水文年型的水肥优化方案。Under the condition of control test,by using the quadratic general spinning design,the comprehensive effects of N、P fertilizers and water on winter wheat yield were studied.The results showed that the threshold value existed in water fertilizer interaction. The threshold value of application amount of N and P 2O 5 are 90～240 kg/hm 2 and 56.25～221.25 kg/hm 2 respectively, and irrigation quota is 1500 ～3750 m 3/hm 2.If the application amount of N,P 2O 5 and water is below the threshold value respectively, the effect of N and P 2O 5 on winter wheat will be unremarkable,and the water use efficiency will be low. Otherwise,the effect of water fertilizer interaction will be remarkable.It is a significant way for improving the water use efficiency to increase application of N and P fertilizers and limit the water use quantity suitably. A mathematical model of winter wheat yield was established based on the results of experiment and simulation, the optimal scheme of water fertilizer interaction under various objectives was worked out.

关 键 词：冬小麦 节水高产 水肥耦合 数学模型 阈值 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]