十年水稻FACE研究的产量响应  

What have we learned from 10 years of Free Air CO_2 Enrichment (FACE) experiments on rice CO_2 and grain yield

作　　者：杨连新[1] 王云霞[1] 朱建国[2] 王余龙[1] 

机构地区：[1]扬州大学江苏省作物遗传生理重点实验室／农业部长江中下游作物生理生态与栽培重点开放实验室,扬州225009 [2]中国科学院南京土壤研究所土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室,南京210008

出　　处：《生态学报》2009年第3期1486-1497,共12页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30671226,30270777,30871486);江苏省“六大人才高峰”资助项目(A类)(07-G-023);国家自然科学基金重大国际合作研究资助项目(40120140817)

摘　　要：联合国政府间气候变化专业委员会(IPCC)最新报告预测20世纪中叶全球大气二氧化碳(CO2)浓度将由目前的381μmolmol-1至少上升到550μmolmol-1,CO2浓度不断升高将对世界粮食生产和安全产生深刻影响。与封闭和半封闭气室相比,FACE(FreeAir CO2 Enrichment,开放式空气中CO2浓度增高)技术平台,在完全开放的大田条件下运行,代表了人们对未来高CO2浓度环境的最好模拟。水稻是世界上最重要的粮食作物之一,在过去10a中(1998～2007年),全球有两个大型水稻FACE平台(直径12m)在运行,一个在温带地区的日本岩手,另一个在亚热带地区的中国江苏。以FACE研究为重点,系统收集和整理了高CO2浓度对水稻产量影响的研究进展,比较了FACE与各种气室研究结果的异同点,评估了CO2与生物(品种、病虫和杂草)和非生物因子(肥料、水分、温度和臭氧)的互作效应,提出了未来大气CO2浓度升高情形下水稻生产的适应策略,并讨论了该领域有待深入研究的方向。Current Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change （IPCC） projections indicate that the atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration （ [ CO2 ] ） will increase from current 381 μmol moL^-1 to at least 550 μmol mol^-1 by 2050, which will have profound impacts on global food production and security. The Free Air CO2 Enrichment （FACE） experiments, conducted in fully open-air field condition without altering microelimatie and biotic variables represent our best simulations of the future high [ CO2 ] environment. Oryza sativa L. （rice） is one of the most important crops in the world. However, over the last decade （1998-2007）, only two large-scale （12m diameter） replicated rice FACE experiments have been conducted across the world, one commenced in Iwate, Japan in a cool temperate climate, the other in Jiangsu, China in a warm sub-tropical climate. In this review, we mainly focused upon studies of the effects of rising [ CO2 ] on rice yield, compared the similarities and differences in yield responses between FACE and different enclosure methodologies, evaluated the interactive effects of CO2 by biotic （ varieties, insects, diseases and weeds） and abiotic factors （ nutrient and water availability, temperature and ozone） , and primarily identified adaptation strategies of rice production to future high-CO2 environments. Based on the current progress, further research orientation in this field was discussed.

关 键 词：开放式空气CO2浓度增高(FACE) 水稻 产量 粮食安全 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]