西安地区大气环境气溶胶样品中放射性核素监测  

Radionuclides monitoring in atmospheric aerosol samples in Xi'an

作　　者：常印忠[1] 王旭辉[2] 王世联[1] 王军[1] 

机构地区：[1]禁核试北京国家数据中心和北京放射性核素实验室,北京100085 [2]西北核技术研究所,西安710024

出　　处：《核技术》2008年第10期796-800,共5页Nuclear Techniques

摘　　要：利用大流量气溶胶采样器和HPGeγ谱仪系统对西安大气气溶胶中放射性核素~7Be、^(212)Pb和^(214)Pb进行了为期一年的采样监测。得到各核素年平均浓度分别为6.68×10^(-3)Bq·m^(-3)、0.65 Bq·m^(-3)、16.06 Bq·m^(-3)。~7Be的浓度在春季较高,最高值为16.64×10^(-3) Bq·m^(-3),浓度变化有明显的季节性特征;^(212)Pb和^(214)Pb的浓度在冬季达到最大值1.71 Bq·m^(-3)和50.11 Bq·m^(-3)。浓度变化有显著的季节性特征。通过分析表明,降水是影响~7Be、^(212)Pb和^(214)Pb浓度的主要因素,各核素的月平均浓度在降水量最大的八月达到最小值。监测过程中,未测到^(137)Cs等人工放射性核素。The radioactivity concentrations of ^7Be, ^212pb and ^214pb in the atmosphere of Xi＇an suburb were determined from April 2002 to April 2003. A high-volume air sampler and a high resolution gamma-ray spectrometer were used to measure the radioactivity. The annual average concentrations of ^7Be,^ 212pb and ^214pb were 6.68×10^-Bq·m^-3, 0.65 Bq·m^-3 and 16.06 Bq·m^-3, respectively. The ^7Be levels were higher in spring than those in other seasons, with a maximum concentration of 16.64×10^-3 Bq·m^-3. They reflected obvious seasonal trends. The concentrations of ^212pb and ^214pb have strong seasonal trends. The maximum concentrations were 1.71 Bq·m^-3 for ^212pb and 50.11Bq·m^-3 for ^214pb in winter. Precipitation is a major factor affecting the concentrations of ^7Be, ^212pb and ^214pb, the monthly mean values reach minimum in August, when precipitation is the biggest of all the months. Artificial radionuclides, such as ^137Cs, have not been found.

关 键 词：大气气溶胶 放射性浓度 西安 

分 类 号：X837[环境科学与工程—环境工程]