汶川地震336例颅脑损伤患者的救治分析  

Analysis of the management of 336 patients sustaining craniocerebral injuries in Wenchuan earthquake

作　　者：罗晟[1] 王渝[1] 周成明[1] 张嘉[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川省什邡市人民医院神经外科,618400

出　　处：《中华神经医学杂志》2009年第3期230-232,共3页Chinese Journal of Neuromedicine

摘　　要：目的总结和探讨地震发生后一线医院收治的颅脑损伤患者特点及救治经验。方法将336例地震颅脑损伤患者通过GCS评分法初筛，按伤情程度分为重、中、轻3型，予以药物治疗和医学观察；伤口行止血包扎和清创；复合伤行相关处置；重型颅脑损伤中开颅手术4例，死亡1例。结果本组病例中，轻型颅脑损伤206例，恢复良好201例；中型颅脑损伤122例，恢复良好11例；重型颅脑损伤8例，恢复良好1例，死亡4例。结论地震所致颅脑损伤具有致伤机制复杂，合并损伤多，病情变化快的特点，提高一线医院灾害应对能力和应急储备，对于及时抢救危重颅脑损伤患者，提高抢救存活率，最大限度的降低死残率均有着极其重要的现实意义。Objective To summarize the clinical characteristics of the patients sustaining cranioeerebral injuries admitted in the front-line hospitals in the Wenehuan earthquake and review our experience with their management. Methods This analysis involved 336 patients with craniocerebral injuries resulting from the earthquake. The patients were preliminarily screened with the Glascow Coma Score and the injuries were categorized into severe, moderate and minor injuries for medication and observation. The wounds were debrided and dressed with also adequate management of the complex injuries. Results In the 336 patients, 206 sustained minor injuries, 122 had moderate injuries, and 8 had severe injuries. Good recovery was achieved in 201 of the patients with minor injuries, in 11 with moderate injuries and in 1 with severe injuries. Death occurred in 4 severe injury cases. Conclusion Craniocerebral injuries in earthquake have complex injury mechanism with multiple concurrent injuries and rapid alterations of condition. Improvement of the catastrophe response capacity of the front-line hospitals and emergency reserves is critical for timely rescue of the patients with craniocerebral injury to reduce the mortality rate and improve the survival rate.

关 键 词：地震 颅脑损伤 诊断 治疗 

分 类 号：R686[医药卫生—骨科学]