稻麦轮作过程氨氮径流特征和数值模拟研究  

Study on the characteristics of ammonium nitrogen loss by surface runoff and its numerical simulation in rice-wheat rotation

作　　者：陆敏[1] 茅国芳[2] 向圣兰[1] 张丽佳[1] 黄明蔚[1] 刘敏[1] 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学地理学系地理信息科学教育部重点实验室,上海200062 [2]上海市农业技术推广服务中心,上海201103

出　　处：《上海农业学报》2009年第1期43-47,共5页Acta Agriculturae Shanghai

基　　金：上海农业"四新"技术推广项目[沪农科准字(2003)第24-4号]资助

摘　　要：通过田间定位监测和分析,研究了稻麦轮作下降雨径流过程农田NH4+-N流失的影响因素和流失特征。结果表明,稻季施肥和灌溉对降雨径流中NH4+-N流失有一定影响,麦季小麦越冬期是地表NH44+-N径流流失主要发生时期,占NH4+-N总流失量85%以上,是农田主要的污染源。根据其流失规律和特征,运用随机模型和GLEAMS模型,对稻麦NH4+-N流失进行模拟研究,其模拟值与试验值拟合度较高,NH4+-N流失估算值与实测值误差为6.17%和2.04%。The influencing factors and characteristics of NH4^＋-N loss of rice-wheat rotation soil during rainfall runoff were studied by field location monitoring and analysis. The results showed that the fertilization and irrigation had a certain impact on the NH4^＋ -N loss in rice season. The overwintering period of wheat was the major one of the NH4^＋-N loss occurrence,in which the loss accounted for above 85% of the total NH4^＋-N loss and was a main pollution source of farmland. According to the loss characteristics, stochastic and GLEAMS models were used to simulate the NH4^＋-N loss in rice and wheat seasons. The degree of fitting was comparatively high between the measured and simulated values （R = 0.89 and 0.99）,and the error between them was 6.17% and 2.04%.

关 键 词：稻麦轮作 氨氮 径流流失 模型 

分 类 号：S15[农业科学—土壤学]