地震数据体结构特征时空关系与油气预测  

Space-time relationship of seismic data structure and hydrocarbon prediction

作　　者：林昌荣[1] 王尚旭[1] 马在田[2] 陈双全[1] 方敏华[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学北京CNPC物探重点实验室 [2]同济大学海洋与地球科学学院地球物理系

出　　处：《石油勘探与开发》2009年第2期208-215,共8页Petroleum Exploration and Development

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划(973)项目(2001CB209105)

摘　　要：利用地震数据体结构特征的时空变化进行储集层预测是近年来新出现的一项油气预测新技术。地震数据体结构特征是指地震数据体中每一地震道振幅离散数据点按时间顺序排列所显示的波形特征。根据地震数据体结构时空关系特征，可以在地震剖面上定量解释出油气层，发现油气分布规律，进一步提高储集层预测精度。通过对克拉2气田的克拉2井和普光气田的普光5井两口井发现的主力气层的地震振幅时空关系的研究，能很好地识别出气层边界，为储量评估提供有力依据。本研究方法对于不同岩石类型、不同沉积相（海相、海陆过渡相和陆相）油气区，深度范围200～7000m、厚度5m以上的目的层都具有很好的适用性，预测准确率平均可达80％以上。There has been a new hydrocarbon prediction technology to use the space-time relationship of seismic data structure characteristics for reservoir prediction. The seismic data structure characteristics refer to the wave characteristics shown in the discrete amplitude data points of each seismic trace arranged by the order of time. Based on the space-time relationship of seismic data structure characteristics, we can interpret the oil and gas layers quantitatively and find the oil- gas distribution rules on the seismic profile, so as to further improve the precision of reservoir prediction. Through the study on the space-time relationship of seismic amplitude for the main gas layers found in Well Kela-2 in Kela-2 Gasfield and Well Puguang-5 in Puguang Gasfield, the gas-layer boundary can be identified clearly, providing a strong basis for reserves estimation. This research method applies well to the target layers with depth of 200--7 000 m and thickness of over 5 m, in the oil-gas provinces of various lithologies and sedimentary facies （marine, paralic and continental facies）. The prediction accuracy can reach over 80% on average.

关 键 词：地震数据体 结构特征 时空关系 油气层预测 

分 类 号：TE631.1[石油与天然气工程—油气加工工程]