小麦开花后不同光合器官对籽粒品质的影响  

Effect of Different Photosynthesis Organs on the Quality of Wheat Grains after Anthesis

作　　者：索全义[1] 王俊超 索凤兰[1] 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学,内蒙古呼和浩特010019 [2]呼和浩特市科技局,内蒙古呼和浩特010010

出　　处：《麦类作物学报》2009年第2期275-278,共4页Journal of Triticeae Crops

基　　金：内蒙古自然科学基金项目(200508010305);国家自然科学基金项目(30760110)

摘　　要：为探讨不同光合器官对小麦籽粒品质的作用,以永良4号为供试品种,在开花后通过剪叶遮光(包括剪旗叶、剪旗叶+倒二叶、包旗叶鞘、包穗、包穗+穗下节间)等处理,研究了叶器官和非叶器官对小麦籽粒营养物质含量及单穗生产量的影响。结果表明,剪叶遮光后小麦籽粒中淀粉、脂肪、铁含量比正常生长降低,灰分、磷、钾、锌、钙含量提高,而对蛋白质含量影响很小;剪叶遮光后小麦籽粒淀粉、脂肪、蛋白质、灰分、磷、钾、锌、铁、钙单穗产量均比正常生长降低。非叶器官对籽粒营养物质含量以及生产量的影响均大于叶器官。The photosynthate of leaf organs and non-leaf organs was important to the yield formation, and influenced the quality of wheat grains. However, a limited number of studies have been published in relationship between the photosynthesis organs and the quality of grains. In this study, five treatments of deprived flag leaf, deprived flag leaf and top 2nd leaf, shielded sheath of flag leaf, shielded ear, shielded ear and peduncle were conducted to cut off the photosynthesis sources, and then compared with the treatment of natural growth, the effects of different photosynthesis organs on the quality of grain were addressed. The results were as follows： Compared with natural growth, defoliating and shielding photosynthesis organs decreased the contents of starch, fat and iron in wheat grains and yields of starch, fat, protein, ash, phosphorus, potassium, zinc, iron and calcium in a single ear. In contrast, it increased the contents of ash, phosphorus, potassium, zinc and calcium in grains , and the protein content changed insignificantly. The effects of the non-leaf organs of wheat on the contents and yields of starch, fat, protein, ash, phosphorus, potassium, zinc, iron and calcium were stronger than leaf organs. Effects of the defoliating and shielding photosynthesis organs on the nutrition of grain in wheat indicated that the effects of photosynthesis organs on the different quality index were variable.

关 键 词：小麦 光合器官 品质 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学] S311