8个栽培小麦品种的化感差异及其对除草剂药效的影响  

Preliminary Study on Effect of the Allelopathic Difference among Eight Wheat Cultivars on Herbicides Efficacy

作　　者：张芳[1] 慕小倩 戴明[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学生命科学学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《麦类作物学报》2009年第2期324-329,共6页Journal of Triticeae Crops

基　　金：陕西省自然科学基金资助项目(14210121)

摘　　要：为了解陕西关中地区主要栽培小麦品种化感作用的差异及其时除草剂的增效作用，用室内培养皿法和盆栽试验测定了关中麦区8个主要栽培小麦（Triticum aestivum）品种对伴生恶性杂草播娘蒿（Descurainia sophia）的化感作用，其化感作用强弱依次为小偃6号〉陕农981〉西农889〉秦农142〉小偃22〉武农148〉陕715〉西农979，筛选出对播娘蒿种子萌发和幼苗生长具有较强抑制作用的小偃6号和陕农981，并测试了这两个品种对除草剂（2，4-D和10％苯磺隆）药效的影响。结果表明，两种除草剂分别施用于这两个小麦品种的有效中浓度（EC50）均低于对照；与对照品种比较，这两个小麦品种减少一定用量除草剂后仍然可以达到抑制杂草生长的效果。以对播娘蒿幼苗生长抑制90％为指标，小偃6号和陕农981中应用除草剂2，4-D可减少推荐用量25％～30％，应用10％苯磺隆可减少推荐用量27％～32％。而两种除草剂应用于弱化感作用品种西农979时，用量降低不超过5％才能保证90％的防除效果。The differences of allelopathy among 8 wheat cultivars and combining weed- Descurainia Sophia was studied by adopting pot experiment and bioassay. The order of allelopathy was Xiaoyan 6 〉 Shaannong 981〉 Xinong 889〉 Qinnong 142〉 Xiaoyan 22〉 Wunong 148〉 Shaan 715〉 Xinong 979. Xiaoyan 6 and Shaannong 981 were picked to measure the effect of herbicide efficacy. The results showed that the EC50 of two herbicides applied on the three wheat were lower than the control, the two wheats could reached inhibitory effect on weed growth in reducing a certain dose of herbicide. The herbicides rates for the 90% control efficacy were calculated with the seeding growth of descurainia sophia, 2,4-D could be reduced by 25-30% and tribenuron-methyl could be reduced by 27%-32%. When 2 herbicides dosage could not exceed 5 % recommended rates were reduced to control the Descurainia sophia of weak allelopathic wheat variety Xinong 979, could guarantee the 90% effect of suppression.

关 键 词：小麦 播娘蒿 化感作用 除草剂 有效中浓度(EC50) 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学] S311