生态足迹计算过程中的某些细节处理研究  

The Discussion about the Details in the Process of the Ecological Footprint Calculation

作　　者：杜加强[1,2] 滕彦国[2] 王金生[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国环境科学研究院,北京100012 [2]北京师范大学水科学研究院,北京100875

出　　处：《地域研究与开发》2009年第2期99-103,107,共6页Areal Research and Development

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2006BAC04B05)

摘　　要：生态足迹主要用于评估给定年、给定技术条件下研究区域生物圈的再生能力能否满足居民的消费需求。随着应用的不断增多,生态足迹计算过程中的一些细节处理方法出现了不一致的现象,降低了生态足迹计算结果的准确性和可靠性。首先指出了国内研究中所出现的一些分歧;讨论了纳入生态足迹的消费项目数量不同、肉类和水果用地类型的分歧、静态或动态产量因子、园地的归类不一致等情况对计算结果的影响。在此基础上提出应完善消费目录、明确消费类型、统一消费分类对应的生物生产性用地类型、生物承载力计算中园地纳入林地计算、分别采取静态和动态产量因子计算生物承载力等建议,以增强计算结果的透明性和可比性。Ecological footprint （EF） is mainly used for evaluating whether regenerative capacity of the biosphere suffices to regenerate the enough resources people have consumed in a given year with given technology level. With the increasing applications of EF, there are some divergences appear in EF details calculating, which may consequently reduce the accuracy and comparability of EF results. In this study, the dynamic variation of the ecological footprint of Chongqing in China was calculated during the period from 1997 to 2005, during which domestic research disparities were presented. Factors that may have influences on computing results were also discussed, ineluding consumption item numbers, constant / dynamic yield factor, differences of biologically productive area type of meat and fruit productions, as well as the different classification for garden plots. Biological capacity variations were also analyzed here, with a decrease trend demonstrated for the biological capacity, which adopted constant yield factor; in contrast for that adopting dynamic yield factor of fixed world average yield, an increasing trend was exhibited. This is because that different research questions were answered in the two situations. Furthermore, some suggestions were advanced to enhance the clarity and reliability of the results. Such as the request to complete the consumption category, specify the number of consumption items, consistently define corresponding biologically pro- ductive area type of all consumption items, merge garden plot into forest land in calculation of biological capacity, and respectively calculate biological capacity with constant and dynamic yield factor method.

关 键 词：生态足迹 生物承载力 生态赤字 静态产量因子 动态产量因子 

分 类 号：Q149[生物学—生态学] X24[生物学—普通生物学]