脲酶在生物工程中的应用  

Application of Urease in Bioengeering

作　　者：赵圣国[1,2] 王加启[1] 刘开朗[1] 李旦[1] 于萍[1] 卜登攀[1] 魏宏阳[1] 周凌云[1] 李发弟[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所动物营养学国家重点实验室,北京100193 [2]甘肃农业大学动物科学技术学院,兰州730070

出　　处：《生物技术通报》2009年第3期37-41,共5页Biotechnology Bulletin

基　　金：“十一五”奶业国家科技支撑计划(2006BAD12B08,2006BAD04A10)

摘　　要：脲酶是一种高效的尿素分解催化剂,化学反应速度是常规化学催化的1014倍,广泛应用于工业、农业和医药行业。论述脲酶在生物工程中的应用,内容包括检测血、尿、酒饮料、天然水和环境污水中尿素;检测肌酐和精氨酸;消除肾衰竭病人体内多余尿素,消除酒饮料和废水中尿素;回收太空飞船上的废水和控制多级酶促反应中的pH。Urease is a highly efficient catalyst for the hydrolysis of urea,the reaction rate of which is approximately 10^14 times than that of the noncatalyzed reaction. It has been used in agriculture,industry and medicine areas. In this work the applications in bioengeering was reviewed,including urea content analysis in blood,urine,alcoholic beverages,natural water and environmental wastewaters;determination of creatinine,arginine;urea removal from artificial kidney dialyzates,alcohol beverages and fertilizer wastewaters;wastewater reclamation for life support systems in space and pH control or shift for multi-enzyme reaction system.

关 键 词：脲酶 固定化 尿素 pH稳定 生物反应器 

分 类 号：Q814[生物学—生物工程]