陕西农村0～18月龄婴幼儿贫血及体格发育研究  

A study on relation between anemia and physical development of infants aged 0 - 18 months in Shaanxi rural areas

作　　者：杨媛媛[2] 刘黎明[1] 孙晓勉 杨文方[1] 张水平 王懿[1] 周博[1] 贾梅 Kevin Acheson 

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学医学院第一附属医院,陕西西安710061 [2]西安交通大学医学院第二附属医院,陕西西安710004 [3]深圳市福田区妇幼保健院,广东深圳518045 [4]西安市妇幼保健院,陕西西安710002 [5]雀巢中国公司北京总部,北京100016 [6]瑞士雀巢公司国际研究中心,瑞士洛桑

出　　处：《中国妇幼健康研究》2009年第2期120-122,129,共4页Chinese Journal of Woman and Child Health Research

基　　金：[基金项目]瑞士儿童营养国际合作项目（99001）

摘　　要：目的了解陕西农村0～18月龄婴幼儿贫血状况及其与体格营养发育状况，探讨两者之间的相关性。方法采取整群分层抽样的方法对陕西省富平县和澄城县336名0～18月龄婴幼儿进行体格测量和血常规的测定。结果0—18月龄婴幼儿贫血患病率为35．12％，并随月龄增大而逐渐增高；贫血婴幼儿低体重、生长迟缓和消瘦的患病率（44．92％、47．46％、18．64％）明显高于非贫血婴幼儿（25．23％、35．32％、7．34％），经比较均有显著性差异（X2分别为14．245、5．142、9．950，均P〈0．05）；同时，低体重、生长迟缓和消瘦婴幼儿的贫血患病率（49．07％、42．11％、57．89％）明显高于正常婴幼儿（28．51％、30．54％、32．21％），经比较均有显著性差异（X2分别为14．245、5．142、9．950，均P〈0．05）。结论陕西农村地区0-18月龄婴幼儿贫血患病率较高；营养不良是婴幼儿贫血的危险因素，可明显增加贫血的患病率，贫血也可使婴幼儿体格营养发育滞后，二者相互影响。Objective To investigate statuses of anemia and physical development of infants aged 0 - 18 months in rural areas of Shaanxi province in order to explore relation between infantile anemia and their physical development. Methods In cluster strategized sampling method, physical measurement and routine blood examination among 336 infants aged 0 - 18 months in Chengcheng county and Fuping county of Shaanxi province were conducted. Results The prevalence rate of anemia among infants aged between 0 - 18 months was 35.12% and the rate increased with age increase of the infants. The rates of low body weight, growth retardation （44.92%, 47.46% and 18.64% respectively） among anemic infants were higher than those of non-anemic infants （25.23%, 35.32% and 7.34% respectively）, and the differences were statistically significant （X2 = 14. 245, 5. 142 and 9. 950 respectively, all P 〈 0.05 ）. Conversely, the prevalence rate of anemia among infants with low body weight, growth retardation （49.07%, 42.11%, 57.89% ） were higher than those among healthy infants （28.51%, 30.54% and 32.21% respectively）, and the differences were statistically significant （X2 = 14. 245, 5. 142 and 9.950 respectively, all P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion The prevalence rate of anemia is relatively higher in rural areas of Shaanxi province. Malnutrition is a risk factor of anemia, which can increase the prevalence rate of anemia, conversely, anemia could make infants＇ growth and development retardated and increase the incidence rate of malnutrition.

关 键 词：贫血 体格发育 0—18月龄 婴幼儿 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]