1704例婴儿听力筛查结果分析  

An analysis of hearing loss screening results in 1 704 infants

作　　者：郝彩莉[1,2] 李红娟[1,2] 王璐[2] 于学文[3] 

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学医学院,陕西西安710061 [2]西安市儿童医院耳鼻咽喉科,陕西西安710003 [3]西安交通大学医学院第一附属医院,陕西西安710061

出　　处：《中国妇幼健康研究》2009年第2期230-232,共3页Chinese Journal of Woman and Child Health Research

摘　　要：目的应用畸变产物耳声发射对0～1岁小儿进行听力筛查，以便尽早发现小儿听力障碍，早期干预。方法应用畸变产物耳声发射对就诊于西安市儿童医院耳鼻咽喉科和新生儿科的1704例婴儿进行听力筛查，对筛查2次未通过者，利用听性脑干反应进行确诊，并按照有无听损伤高危因素分为高危儿组与非高危儿组进行听力检查结果分析。结果1704例婴儿初次听力筛查通过率为95．01％，未通过率为4．99％（121例）；121例复筛通过率为87．65％，未通过率为12．35％，复筛未通过且听性脑干反应检查异常者12例（21耳），听力损失发生率为7．04‰（12／1704）。听力障碍儿以高危儿为主，高危儿中听力异常检出率为22．1‰,非高危儿听力异常检出率为2．2‰，前者明显高于后者，有统计学意义（X2=35．198，P〈0．01）。结论存在有高危因素的婴儿易于发生听力障碍，应及时进行相关的听力筛查、综合性听阈评估，而畸变产物耳声发射检查能早期发现婴儿听力障碍。Objective To detect hearing of infants aged 0 - 1 year so as to early identify and treat those infants with hearing loss. Methods 1 704 infants in Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Xi＇ an Municipal Children＇ s Hospital were screened for hearing loss with distortionproduct otoaeoustic emissions（DPOAE）. The neonates who failed to pass the screening were referred for further check with DPOAE at 42 days of life and if they failed to pass this time again, the infants were reassessed with auditory brainstem responses （ABR） to determine if diagnosis of hearing loss could be confirmed. According to if the infant had high risk factors of hearing impairment, the infants were divided into high risk infants group and no high risk factor infants group. Then the heating screening results of infants were analyzed. Results Among 1704 infants, the pass rate of the first heating screening was 4.99% and the ＂refer＂ rate was 4.99% （ 121 children）. Of 121 infants who failed to pass the first DPOAE screening, the pass rate was 87.65% and the ＂refer＂ rate of the second DPOAE screening was 12.35%. Eventually, 12 infants （12 ears） failed to pass rescreening and had abnormal ABR results, and they were diagnozed as heating impairment with incidence rate of 7.04‰. The detectable rate of hearing impairment was significantly higher in the children with high-risk factors （22.1‰） than normal children （2.2‰） （X2 =35. 198,P 〈0.05）. Conclusion The infants with high-risk factors are more likely to suffer from hearing loss than those infants without high-risk factors. So, for those infants with high risk factors, hearing screening and comprehenive hearing threshold evaluation should be conducted as early as possible. The hearing screening with DPOAE can identify those infants with heating loss early.

关 键 词：听力筛查 畸变产物耳声发射 听性脑干反应 婴儿 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]