间接地下滴灌导水装置规格参数模型研究  

Parameter Model of Water-Conduct Device Specification under Indirect Subsurface Drip Irrigation

作　　者：赵伟霞[1] 张振华[2] 蔡焕杰[1] 牛文全 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学旱区农业水土工程教育部重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100 [2]鲁东大学地理与规划学院,山东烟台264025 [3]国家节水灌溉杨凌工程技术研究中心,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《灌溉排水学报》2009年第1期5-9,共5页Journal of Irrigation and Drainage

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(50609022);国家863计划重点项目(2006AA100214)

摘　　要：根据灌水过程中质量守恒原理建立了导水装置规格(直径,高度)参数求解模型,该模型中综合考虑了滴头流量、灌水定额、土壤水力特性参数以及活动水位等因素对导水装置规格的影响。通过室内恒定水头积水入渗试验的设计和研究,定量化了土壤水力特性参数对导水装置规格参数模型的作用,并研究了导水装置内水位深度的动态变化规律。结果表明,当忽略导水装置内积水深度的动态变化对土壤水力特性参数的影响时,与一维垂直入渗规律相似,导水装置内积水入渗累计入渗量与时间的关系可用菲利普公式进行拟合,但在土壤类型一定时,间接地下滴灌的参数渗吸系数S和稳定入渗速率if还与土壤上方的积水面积有关。当滴头流量大于土壤入渗速率时,导水装置内开始产生积水,且积水深度处于不断上升的过程。该模型的建立为间接地下滴灌导水装置规格的选取提供了理论指导。The parameter model of water-conduct device specification （diameter, height） was established in this research according to the principle of mass conservation during the irrigation process. This model described the influence of different factors on water-conduct device specification, such as, flow velocity of emitter, irrigation water requirement, and hydraulic characteristic parameter of soil and water depth in the water-conduct device. Through the design and study of mechanical experiment on seeper infiltration, the effect of hydraulic characteristic parameter of soil was quantified; the dynamic change rule of water depth in the water-conduct device was studied. The results indicated that when the influence of water depth on the soil hydraulic characteristic parameter was ignored, the relationship between the cumulative infiltration and time could be fitted with Philip equation. The parameters S and if had relationship with diameters of water-conduct device except the soil type. When the emitter flow velocity was bigger than the soil infiltration rate, the seeper began to come out, and its depth was in the process of unceasing rising. The model supplied theoretical direction to the water-conduct device selection under indirect subsurface drip irrigation.

关 键 词：间接地下滴灌 导水装置 参数模型 积水入渗 

分 类 号：S275.6[农业科学—农业水土工程] S152.72[农业科学—农业工程]