拟南芥非生物胁迫应答基因表达的调节子研究概况  

General Review in the Study on Regulons for Abiotic Stress-Responsive Gene Expression in Arabidopsis thaliana

作　　者：刘春[1] 麻浩[2] 

机构地区：[1]衡阳师范学院生命科学系,湖南衡阳421008 [2]南京农业大学作物遗传与种质创新国家重点实验室,江苏南京210095

出　　处：《生物技术通讯》2009年第2期273-278,共6页Letters in Biotechnology

基　　金：科技部农业科技成果转化项目(02EFN216901241);衡阳师范学院科学基金(2006B20)

摘　　要：分子生物学研究表明,植物中由诸如干旱、高盐和低温等环境胁迫因子诱导的几个基因具有多种功能。大多数干旱应答基因是由植物激素脱落酸(ABA)诱导的,但也有少数基因例外。对模式植物拟南芥基因表达中的干旱应答基因的分析表明,至少存在4个独立调节系统(调节子)。对典型胁迫诱导表达的一些基因中启动子的顺势作用元件和影响这些基因表达的转录子也已进行了分析。已经分离出与脱水效应元件/C重复序列(DRE/CRT)顺势作用元件结合的转录因子,并命名为DRE结合蛋白1/C重复序列结合因子(DREB1/CBF)和DRE结合蛋白2(DREB2)。在转基因拟南芥植株中,DREB1/CBF过量表达可增加其抗寒、抗旱和抗盐碱的能力。DREB1/CBF基因已成功地在许多不同作物中得到应用,从而提高作物对非生物胁迫的耐受性。与胁迫反应相关的其他转录因子的研究也正在取得进展。Molecular studies have shown that several genes with various functions are induced by environmental stresses such as drought, high-salinity and low temperature in plants. Most of the dehydration responsive genes are induced by the plant hormone abscisic acid（ABA）, but others are not. Expression analyses of dehydration-responsive genes have provided at least four independent regulatory systems（regulons） for gene expression in a model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. The cisacting elements in the promoters of some genes that have a typical stress-inducible expression profile and the transcription factors affecting the expression of these genes have been analyzed. Transcription factors that bind to a DRE/CRT（dehydration-responsive element/C-repeat） cis-acting element were isolated and termed DREB1/CBF（DRE-binding protein 1/C-repeat binding factor） and DREB2. Overexpression of DREB1/CBF in transgenic Arabidopsis plants increased tolerance to freezing, drought and high salt concentrations. The DREB1/CBF genes have been successfully used to improve abiotic stress tolerance in a number of different crop plants. Studies on the other transcription factors associated with stress response are in progress.

关 键 词：拟南芥 脱水效应元件结合蛋白1 脱落酸 环境胁迫 调节子 转录因子 

分 类 号：Q943.2[生物学—植物学]