江淮丘陵区早春开花植物的花粉形态与其生态因子  

STUDY ON POLLEN MORPHOLOGY AND ECOLOGICAL FACTORS IN THE REGION OF JIANGHUAI HILL

作　　者：岳春[1] 周忠泽[1] 余涛[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽大学生命科学学院,合肥230039

出　　处：《微体古生物学报》2009年第1期77-91,共15页Acta Micropalaeontologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30670151);安徽高校省级自然科学研究重点项目计划(KJ2008A043)资助

摘　　要：应用光学显微镜对安徽省枞阳县和安徽大学校园内春季开花的22科30属40种植物的花粉形态进行了观察和研究。结果表明花粉粒扁球形至长球形,P/E值最大的花粉见于贴梗海棠[Chaenomeles speciosa(Sweet)Nakai],为1.41(1.23-1.79),P/E值最小的花粉见于枫杨(Pterocaryastenoptera C.DC.),为0.78(0.71-0.83);体积最大的花粉见于金银花(Lonicera japonica Thunb),直径为60.8(57.5-65.0)μm,体积最小的花粉见于菱叶绣线菊(Arisaema jacquemontii Blume),为11.5(10.0-12.5)×9.8(8.0-12.0)μm。萌发孔主要有3沟(20.5%)、3孔沟(61.5%)、散孔(15.4%)、六孔(2.6%)等类型。外壁纹饰主要有条纹-穿孔(22.5%)、细网状(27.5%)、粗网状(25.0%)、条纹状(50%)和颗粒状(12.5%)等类型。同时调查了其生态因子,包括地理位置、海拔高度、年降水量、年积温及生境等,得出了这些植物分布区的主要生态因子。该花粉组合信息可用以重建古植被、古气候及古环境的变化。Pollen morphology of 40 species from Zongyang county and Anhui University are described and illustrated under light microscope （LM）. The results showed that the pollen grains are oblate-spheroidal to prolate in shape. The largest pollen grain is Lonicera japonica Thunb. , with a diameter of 60.8（57.5-65.0）gm; the smallest pollen grain is Arisaema jacquemontii Blume, with a size of 11.5 （10.0- 12.5） × 9.8 （8.0- 12.0）μm. The aperture of pollen grains is 3-colpate（20.5%） ,3-colporate（61.5%）, pantocolpate（15.4%） and six porus（2.6%）. The ornamentation of exine are strip-eperforation （ 22. 5 %）, finely reticulate （27. 5 %）, coarsely reticulate （ 25. 0%） or striation （50%）. The geographical distribution, assemblage and ecological factors of these species are investigated. The factors of climate in spring is especially provided. The main ecological factors of these pollens are obtained, including geographical position, altitude, annual precipitation, annual accumulated temperature and habitat. On the basis of these information, the pollen morphology, pictures, the climate and environment conditions of 40 species are analyzed, which is significant for estimating the palaeovegetation, palaeoclimate, palaeoenvironment and climate change by utilizing the spore-pollen assemblage.

关 键 词：花粉形态 生态因子 早春 江淮丘陵区 安徽 

分 类 号：Q914[天文地球—古生物学与地层学]