湖北省油菜磷肥效应及推荐用量研究  

Response to phosphorus application and effective P application for rapeseed in Hubei

作　　者：李银水[1] 鲁剑巍[1] 邹娟[1] 李小坤[1] 黄和平 余勇 姚忠清 彭文勇 李彬 

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学资源与环境学院,湖北武汉430070 [2]湖北省土壤肥料工作站,湖北武汉430070 [3]赤壁市土壤肥料工作站,湖北赤壁437300 [4]天门市土壤肥料工作站,湖北天门431700 [5]荆州市荆州区土壤肥料工作站,湖北荆州434100

出　　处：《中国油料作物学报》2009年第1期44-50,共7页Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences

基　　金：教育部“新世纪优秀人才支持计划”;国家十一五科技支撑课题(2006BAD21B03、2006BAD25B01);国际植物营养研究所(IPNI)合作项目(Hubei-30);农业部948重大项目(2006-G60)

摘　　要：通过20个田间试验研究湖北省油菜主产区磷肥效应和适宜用量。结果表明，适量施用磷肥对油菜具有明显的增产增收效果，19个试验施磷比不施磷对照增收油菜籽75—1117kg／hm^2，平均增产489kg／hm^2；施磷增产4．3％-62．6％，平均增产率为26．4％；施磷纯利润平均为1417元／hm^2，产投比平均达6．08；磷肥偏生产力和农学利用率平均分别为41．2kg／kgP2O5和7．3kg／kgP2O5。根据肥料效应方程，在当前生产条件下，油菜生产的磷肥最佳经济用量平均为67．8kgP2O5／hm^2，推荐幅度为0～114．3kgP2O5／hm^2。土壤有效磷含量与油菜磷肥最佳推荐用量呈极显著负相关性（r=-0．7586^＊＊，n=18），根据土壤有效磷含量（x，单位为mg／kg）水平，湖北省目前油菜生产适宜用磷量（y，单位为kg／hm^2）可通过公式y=161．43—36．436Ln（x）求得。Twenty field trials were carried out to study the response to phosphorus （P） and optimum P application for rapeseed in Hubei province. The results showed that P application both significantly increased rapeseed yield and profit. Yield increment ranged from 75 kg/hm^2 to 1 117 kg/hm^2 ,and the increment ranged from 4.3 percent to 62.6 percent. The average increment was 489 kg/hm^2 which was 26.4% increase from the control. The average net profit of P application was 1 417Yuan/hm^2 and the value cost ratio （VCR） was 6.08. The average partial factor productivity of applied P （PFPP） and agronomic P use efficiency （APUE） were 41.2kg/kg P2O5 and 7.3 kg/kg P2O5, respectively. According to fertilizer response equations, the economical P application rates were 0 kg/hm^2 to 114.3 kg/hm^2, the average rates was 67.8 kg/hm^2. It was evident that the economical P application rates had significant negative correlation with soil available P level, the correlation coefficient （r） was 0. 758 6 （n = 18）. The economical P application rates of rapeseed can be obtained through the equation y = 161.43 -36. 436 Ln（x） （y stands for applied rate of P2O5,x is available P content） in Hubei Province.

关 键 词：油菜 磷肥 产量 经济效益 磷肥推荐用量 

分 类 号：S147.5[农业科学—肥料学] S565.4[农业科学—农业基础科学]