河流型水库垂向二维水沙数学模型  

Vertical 2-D water-sediment transport numerical model for a river-style reservoir

作　　者：吴挺峰[1,2] 罗潋葱[2] 崔广柏[3] 秦伯强[2] 虞左明[4] 姚志明[5] 

机构地区：[1]河海大学水文水资源与水利工程科学国家重点实验室,江苏南京210098 [2]中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所,江苏南京210008 [3]河海大学水文与水资源学院,江苏南京210098 [4]杭州市环境保护科学研究院,浙江杭州310014 [5]杭州市青山水库管理处,浙江杭州311305

出　　处：《水科学进展》2009年第2期215-221,共7页Advances in Water Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(40730529;40501078);中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向性项目(KZCX2-YW-419);浙江省重大科技攻关项目(2005C13001)~~

摘　　要：在垂向二维水动力模型的基础上,叠加了泥沙模型,建立了垂向二维泥沙模型,该模型的主要特点是水动力模型采用斜压模式,可以模拟由于水库水温度分布时空变化对其水动力结构及泥沙沉降速度的影响;泥沙模型采用分步法求解,简化了计算;独立求解粘性泥沙及非粘性泥沙的沉降速度及水土界面交换通量;运用经验公式估算泥沙及水动力模型参数,弥补了资料不足的缺点。最后运用实测资料对所建泥沙模型进行了有效性验证,结果表明:悬沙模拟值与实测值相对误差较小,时空分布特征相似;同时,模型能较为准确反映由于水库出入流引起的库首与库尾水温及泥沙分布特征。Based on the vertical 2-D hydrodynamic model and the sediment model, this paper presents a 2-D sediment model. The main characteristics of this model are follows： the hydrodynamic model is an oblique press model so that it can reflect the influence of water temperature on hydrodynamics and suspending sediment. The numerical solution to the sediment equation uses a fractional step procedure so that it can simplify the solution process. The cohesive sediment and the non-cohesive sediment are simulated by the different methods. Some empirical formulas are used to calculate the model parameters under the condition that little field data would be available. Finally, the application of this model is studied according to the field data, and the results indicate that the relative errors of the simulating value and the field value of suspending sediment are small and their space-time distribution characteristic are similar to each other. At the same time, this model can simulate the distribution characteristics of the temperature and the sediment which are accurately controlled by the outflow and inflow in the head and trail of a reservoir.

关 键 词：河流型水库 垂向二维模型 粘性沙 水沙数学模型 

分 类 号：TV145[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]