水洗条件对PAN水洗丝条结构和力学性能的影响  

Effect of the water washing technology on the structure and mechanical properties of PAN water washing fiber

作　　者：李人杰[1,2] 吕春祥[1] 李永红[1] 周普查[1,2] 纪英露[1,2] 吕晓轩[1,2] 杨禹[1] 袁淑霞[1] 贺福[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院炭材料重点实验室 中国科学院山西煤炭化学研究所,太原030001 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049

出　　处：《化工新型材料》2009年第3期80-82,共3页New Chemical Materials

摘　　要：研究了水洗条件对聚丙烯腈(PAN)水洗丝条结构和力学性能的影响。用万能材料测试机、XRD、SEM、压汞仪测试纤维的力学性能、晶态结构、表面形态和孔结构,得到结构对力学性能的影响规律。结果表明:随着水洗温度升高,丝束的最大应力和最大载荷降低;水洗温度从55℃增大到90℃,结晶度从64.84%降低到57.73%,晶粒大小从4.034nm变为5.007nm;水洗温度升高,丝表面出现更加明显的纵向沟槽,表面缺陷增多,丝的直径也变得不均匀,孔隙率和孔径变小,微孔逐渐增多;随着结晶度降低、晶粒尺寸变大、表面缺陷增多,丝的力学性能随之下降;相同温度,超声波使纤维的孔径和孔隙率变小,同时使表面缺陷增多,所以超声波对丝的力学性能影响不大。The effect of water washing technology on the structure and mechanical properties of PAN water washing fiber was studied. The mechanical properties were studied by universal material testing machine, the crystalline structure by XRD, the surface shape by SEM, and the pore structure by Mercury Porosimetry, so the effect of structure on mechanical properties was obtained. The results showed that its maximum stress and load were decreased with the increase of tem perature. As the temperature increased from 55℃ to 90℃,the crystallinity decreased from 64.84% to 57.73% and crystal size changed from 4. 034nm to 5. 007nm. As the temperature increased, the longitudinal grooves on the fiber surface were more obvious, the surface defect increased, the diameter became non-uniform, the porosity and pore size became smaller, and there were more micro-pores. The mechanical properties of fiber became worse with the decrease of crystallinity, the enlargement of crystal size and the increase of surface defect. At the same temperature, the existence of ultrasonic wave made the pore size and porosity smaller and made the surface defect more, so the effect of ultrasonic wave on mechanical properties was little.

关 键 词：PAN 水洗丝 力学性能 晶态结构 表面形态 孔结构 

分 类 号：TQ342.3[化学工程—化纤工业]