黔南州生活饮用水细菌学指标检测结果分析  

Analysis of detection results of drinking water in Qiannan District

作　　者：王明祥[1] 陆亭屹 马桂英[1] 严启明[1] 姚明霞[1] 郑茂笙 

机构地区：[1]贵州省黔南州疾病预防控制中心,贵州都匀558000

出　　处：《中国卫生检验杂志》2009年第3期648-650,671,共4页Chinese Journal of Health Laboratory Technology

摘　　要：目的：了解黔南州生活饮用水细菌学指标水质状况及其变化规律,为进一步改善居民生活饮用水水质,开展水体环境治理,控制水源性疾病传播提供科学依据。方法：1980～1983、1984～1986年分别按照《生活饮用水水质检验方法》第一版、第二版,1987～2006按照GB5750-85《生活饮用水水质检验法》。对黔南州12县（市）11种水源1115份水样进行检测。使用SPSS13.0统计软件包进行数据处理。结果：细菌学指标超限值百分率较高,尤其是总大肠菌群。12县市水质细菌指标较好为都匀,较差是三都县、荔波县,其余县（市）处于中间水平。11种水源类型水质细菌学指标较好是深井水,其次是自来水,再次是浅井水、水库水、泉水、溶洞水、湖水、河水、沟水,较差是塘水、溪水。丰水期、平水期、枯水期细菌学指标超限值都高,地面水细菌学指标明显高于地下水（P〈0.01）,城区外细菌总数、大肠菌群明显高于城区内（P〈0.01）。结论：黔南州生活饮用水细菌学指标合格率逐年提高,但仍存在问题,应加强水源监督管理,保障居民生活饮用水的卫生质量,确保了黔南人民的身体健康。Objective：Understanding Qian Nan-chou life the index sign fluid matter of the drinking water bacteriology condition and it variety regulation,is further improvement residents life drinking water fluid matter,open exhibition water body environment to manage,control headwaters disease dissemination provide sciencebasis.Methods：1980～1983 and 1984～1986 year difference according to 《life the examination method of the drinking water fluid matter》 version 1,version 2,1987～2006 according to GB 5750-85 《 life the drinking water fluid matter examination method》.11 kinds of to 12 counties（city） in Qian Nan-chou water kind with 1115 headwaters carry on an examination.The usage SPSS13.0 statistics a software package to carry on a data processing.Results：The bacteriology index sign is super the limit′s value′s percentage be higher,particularly is total coliform.12 fluid matter germ index sign in the county City more is all evenly,worse is three all county,Li wave county,rest the county（city） be placed in in the center level.11 kinds of fluid matter bacteriology of the headwaters type index sign more is deep well water,secondly is a running water,is an again shallow well water,reservoir water,spring and dissolve hole water,lake water,river water,ditch water,worse is pond water,river water.Plentiful water period,even water period,withered water period bacteriology index sign super limit value all Gao,surface water bacteriology the index sign be obvious Gao at the groundwater（P〈0.01）,city area outside germ total amount,coliform obvious Gao at the city area inside（P〈0.01）.Conclusion：Qian Nan-chou life the index sign qualified rate of the drinking water bacteriology year by year exaltation,but still existence problem,should strengthen headwaters direct management,guarantee residents life drinking water of health quality,insured Qian south people of healthy body.

关 键 词：生活饮用水 细菌学指标 肠管道传染病 

分 类 号：R123.1[医药卫生—环境卫生学]